Quiz
GI - Abdominal Wall
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Questions in this quiz (16)
1What are the layers of the abdominal wall
• Skin
• [blank_start]Subcutaneous[blank_end] fascia
[blank_start]Superficial[blank_end] fascia
• Contains [blank_start]adipose[blank_end] (all over in pig, mainly inguinal area in others)
• Contains cutaneous [blank_start]trunci[blank_end] muscle (skin twitch)
Deep fascia ([blank_start]ox[blank_end], [blank_start]horse[blank_end])
• Developed into a tough [blank_start]fibro[blank_end]-[blank_start]elastic[blank_end] sheet = yellow abdominal tunic- ASubcutaneous
- BSuperficial
- Cadipose
- Dtrunci
- Eox
- Fhorse
- Gfibro
- Helastic
2List the muscles of the abdominal wall
[blank_start]Rectus[blank_end] abdominus
[blank_start]Eternal[blank_end] oblique abdominal
[blank_start]Internal[blank_end] oblique abdominal
[blank_start]Transverse[blank_end] abdominal- ARectus
- BEternal
- CInternal
- DTransverse
3Rectus abdominus
Where does it originate
On [blank_start]ventral[blank_end] surface of [blank_start]sternal[blank_end] [blank_start]ribs[blank_end] / [blank_start]sternum[blank_end]
Where does it insert
Inserts on [blank_start]cranial[blank_end] border of [blank_start]pubis[blank_end] via [blank_start]pre[blank_end]-[blank_start]pubic[blank_end] tendon
What are the Left and right sides separated by
[blank_start]linea[blank_end] [blank_start]alba[blank_end]
What is an immature animal linea alba pierced by
[blank_start]Umbilicus[blank_end]- Aventral
- Bsternal
- Csternum
- Dribs
- Ecranial
- Fpubis
- Gpre
- Hpubic
- Ilinea
- Jalba
- KUmbilicus
4Eternal oblique abdominal m.
• Outermost [blank_start]lateral[blank_end] abdominal wall muscle
Where does it originate
on [blank_start]lateral[blank_end] [blank_start]caudal[blank_end] surfaces of ribs [blank_start]4+[blank_end] and [blank_start]lumbodorsal[blank_end] fascia
Where does it insert
on [blank_start]linea alba[blank_end] and [blank_start]prepubic[blank_end] tendon
What direction do fibres run
[blank_start]obliquely[blank_end] from [blank_start]cranio-dorsal[blank_end] to [blank_start]caudo-ventral[blank_end]- Alateral
- Blateral
- Ccaudal
- D4+
- Elumbodorsal
- Flinea alba
- Gprepubic
- Hobliquely
- Icranio-dorsal
- Jcaudo-ventral
5Internal oblique abdominal m
• Middle [blank_start]lateral[blank_end] abdominal wall muscle
Where does it originate
on [blank_start]coxal[blank_end] tuber and [blank_start]lumbodorsal[blank_end] fascia
Where does it insert
on [blank_start]linea alba[blank_end], [blank_start]last[blank_end] rib & cartilages of [blank_start]caudal[blank_end] ribs
What way do fibres run
[blank_start]obliquely[blank_end] from [blank_start]caudo-dorsal[blank_end] to [blank_start]cranio-ventral[blank_end]- Alateral
- Bcoxal
- Clumbodorsal
- Dlinea alba
- Elast
- Fcaudal
- Gobliquely
- Hcaudo-dorsal
- Icranio-ventral
6Transverse abdominal m
• [blank_start]Innermost[blank_end] lateral abdominal wall muscle
Where does it orginate
on [blank_start]medial[blank_end] surfaces of [blank_start]ventral[blank_end] parts of [blank_start]caudal[blank_end] ribs and deep [blank_start]lumbodorsal[blank_end] fascia
Where does it insert
on [blank_start]linea[blank_end] [blank_start]alba[blank_end]
What way do fibres run
[blank_start]transversely[blank_end]- AInnermost
- Bmedial
- Cventral
- Dcaudal
- Elumbodorsal
- Flinea
- Galba
- Htransversely
7What are the functions of the abdominal wall muscles :
• [blank_start]Encloses[blank_end] the abdominal cavity and its contents
What are the motor functions:
• Contraction causes [blank_start]increase[blank_end] in [blank_start]intra-abdominal[blank_end] pressure
Used in vomiting, defaecation and micturition
• If [blank_start]larynx[blank_end] is closed, also causes [blank_start]increase[blank_end] in [blank_start]intra-thoracic[blank_end] pressure (via diaphragm)- AEncloses
- Bincrease
- Cintra-abdominal
- Dlarynx
- Eintra-thoracic
- Fincrease
8Explain the relationship between the lateral abdominal wall muscles and the rectus abdominis
Sheath of Rectus abdominis m.
• Formed from the [blank_start]tendons[blank_end] of the [blank_start]lateral[blank_end] abdominal wall muscles
• They pass above / below [blank_start]rectus abdominis[blank_end] m. to join in the [blank_start]midline[blank_end]
• This join is referred to as an ‘[blank_start]aponeurosis[blank_end]’ and forms the [blank_start]linea alba[blank_end]- Atendons
- Blateral
- Crectus abdominis
- Dmidline
- Eaponeurosis
- Flinea alba
9Describe the nerve supply to the abdominal wall muscles
• Innervated by spinal nerves of [blank_start]T13[blank_end] & [blank_start]L1-L5[blank_end]
• Dorsal roots innervate [blank_start]dorsal[blank_end] [blank_start]musculature[blank_end]
• Ventral roots split into 3 branches
[blank_start]Medial[blank_end]
• Runs between [blank_start]TA[blank_end] & [blank_start]IOA[blank_end] down to [blank_start]RA[blank_end]
[blank_start]Lateral[blank_end]
• Runs between [blank_start]IOA[blank_end] & [blank_start]EOA[blank_end] down to [blank_start]midway[blank_end]
[blank_start]Lateral cutaneous[blank_end]
• Perforates [blank_start]EOA[blank_end] to innervate skin- AT13
- BL1-L5
- Cdorsal
- Dmusculature
- EMedial
- FTA
- GIOA
- HRA
- ILateral
- JIOA
- KEOA
- Lmidway
- MLateral cutaneous
- NEOA
10Describe the inguinal canal
• [blank_start]Internal[blank_end] oblique muscle has slit (= [blank_start]deep[blank_end] inguinal ring)
• [blank_start]External[blank_end] oblique muscle has slit (= [blank_start]superficial[blank_end] inguinal ring)
• Inguinal canal = [blank_start]potential[blank_end] space between these 2 slits- AInternal
- BExternal
- Cpotential
- Ddeep
- Esuperficial
11Descibe the embryology of gastrointestinal tract
• Epithileum lining GI tract & associated exocrine glands = [blank_start]endoderm[blank_end]
• Muscle & connective tissue = ([blank_start]splanchnic[blank_end]) [blank_start]mesoderm[blank_end]
As embryo develops part of yolk sac taken into body
• This goes on to form the [blank_start]gut[blank_end]
• [blank_start]Midgut[blank_end] separated from foregut / hindgut by [blank_start]cranial[blank_end] / [blank_start]caudal[blank_end] intestinal portals
• Foregut / hindgut end blindly at [blank_start]oral[blank_end] / [blank_start]cloacal[blank_end] plates
• In later develepment these will [blank_start]perforate[blank_end] so gut is continuous with mouth and anus
• [blank_start]Foregut[blank_end] differentiates into pharynx, oesophagus, stomach and initial duodenum
• Midgut differentiates into rest of [blank_start]duodenum[blank_end], [blank_start]jejunum[blank_end], [blank_start]ileum[blank_end], [blank_start]caecum[blank_end], [blank_start]ascending / transverse[blank_end] colon
• Hindgut differentiates into [blank_start]descending[blank_end] colon and rectum- Aendoderm
- Bmesoderm
- Csplanchnic
- Dgut
- EMidgut
- Fcranial
- Gcaudal
- Horal
- Icloacal
- Jperforate
- KForegut
- Lduodenum
- Mjejunum
- Nileum
- Ocaecum
- Pdescending
- Qascending / transverse
121. Amniotic cavity
2. Allantoic cavity
3. Yolk sac
4. Stalk of yolk sac
5. Foregut
6. Midgut
7. Hindgut
8. Cranial intestinal portal
9. Caudal intestinal portal
10. Oral plate
11. Cloacal plate
12. Heart & pericardial cavity
13. Endoderm
- AAmniotic cavity
- BAllantoic cavity
- CYolk sac
- DStalk of yolk sac
- EForegut
- FMidgut
- GHindgut
- HCranial intestinal portal
- ICaudal intestinal portal
- JOral plate
- KCloacal plate
- LHeart & pericardial cavity
- MEndoderm
13Explain the development of the foregut
• Enlargement of [blank_start]caudal[blank_end] part of foregut identifies [blank_start]stomach[blank_end]
• Oesophagus develops from gut tube between this and the [blank_start]pharynx[blank_end]
• Rotation of stomach along its [blank_start]longitudinal[blank_end] axis brings [blank_start]dorsal[blank_end] aspect to the left - Becomes [blank_start]greater[blank_end] curvature
• Dorsal [blank_start]mesogastrium[blank_end] is also pulled to the [blank_start]left[blank_end] - Becomes [blank_start]greater[blank_end] omentum
• Rotation of stomach along a [blank_start]dorsoventral[blank_end] (vertical) axis pulls cranial extremity to left- Becomes [blank_start]cardia[blank_end]
• This rotation also pulls caudal extremity to [blank_start]right[blank_end] - Becomes [blank_start]pyloric[blank_end] antrum
• Short terminal portion of foregut becomes initial [blank_start]duodenum[blank_end] (as far as entrance of bile / pancreatic ducts
• Part of stomach to left of cardia enlarges to form [blank_start]fundus[blank_end]- Astomach
- Bcaudal
- Cpharynx
- Dgreater
- Egreater
- Fmesogastrium
- Gleft
- Hlongitudinal
- Idorsal
- Jdorsoventral
- Kcardia
- Lright
- Mpyloric
- Nduodenum
- Ofundus
14Development of liver/ pancreas
• Endodermal diverticulum at junction of foregut and midgut becomes [blank_start]liver[blank_end]
• [blank_start]Cranial[blank_end] branch becomes gland tissue and [blank_start]hepatic[blank_end] ducts
• [blank_start]Caudal[blank_end] branch becomes gall bladder and [blank_start]cystic[blank_end] ducts
• Liver then expands [blank_start]caudally[blank_end] into abdominal cavity
• [blank_start]Pancreas[blank_end] arises from same endodermal diverticulum
• [blank_start]Dorsal[blank_end] primordia becomes left lobe of pancreas with pancreatic duct
• [blank_start]Ventral[blank_end] primordia becomes right lobe of pancreas with accessory pancreatic duct
• Dorsal and ventral primordia eventually [blank_start]fuse[blank_end]
• Blood supply to [blank_start]foregut[blank_end] = branches of [blank_start]celiac[blank_end] artery- Aliver
- BCranial
- CCaudal
- Dhepatic
- Ecystic
- Fcaudally
- GPancreas
- HDorsal
- IVentral
- Jfuse
- Kforegut
- Lceliac
15Development of Midgut
• Forms most of intestine from [blank_start]duodenum[blank_end] (after bile / pancreatic ducts) to end of [blank_start]transverse[blank_end] colon
• Connection with [blank_start]yolk[blank_end] [blank_start]sac[blank_end] reduces to form [blank_start]vitelline[blank_end] duct
- lost though remnant sometimes visible as [blank_start]diverticulum[blank_end] (= Meckel’s diverticulum) in adult [blank_start]jejunum[blank_end]
• [blank_start]Cranial[blank_end] limb becomes rest of small intestine
• [blank_start]Caudal[blank_end] limb becomes ascending / transverse colon
• [blank_start]Diverticulum[blank_end] arises between these to become [blank_start]caecum[blank_end]- Aduodenum
- Btransverse
- Cyolk
- Dsac
- Evitelline
- Fdiverticulum
- Gjejunum
- HCranial
- ICaudal
- JDiverticulum
- Kcaecum
16Development of hindgut
• Rotation of midgut had brought hindgut to left side of abdomen
• Hindgut differentiates into [blank_start]descending[blank_end] colon and rectum
• A bud develops from the ventral part of the hindgut to form the [blank_start]allantois[blank_end]
• This expands through the umbilical opening to form the allantoic sac
• Urorectal septum enlarges to meet [blank_start]cloacal[blank_end] [blank_start]membrane[blank_end]
• This ends up dividing gut into 2 separate tubes:
• [blank_start]Dorsal[blank_end] part continuous with descending colon
• [blank_start]Ventral[blank_end] part continuous with allantois
• Blood supply to hindgut = branches of [blank_start]caudal[blank_end] [blank_start]mesenteric[blank_end] artery- Adescending
- Ballantois
- Ccloacal
- Dmembrane
- EDorsal
- FVentral
- Gcaudal
- Hmesenteric
Information
- Description
- GI (GI) Quiz on GI - Abdominal Wall, created by hanna sayedi on 30/01/2019.
- Author
- hanna sayedi
- Language
- English
- Views
- 2
- History
- Created on 30 Jan 2019 · updated on 31 Jan 2019
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