Edexcel (9-1) Topic 9

Match the colours to the element

Dilute sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) is used to test for some metal ions and can also be used to identify ammonium ions. Write the colour of the precipitate formed next to each ion. aluminium [blank_start]white[blank_end] calcium [blank_start]white[blank_end] copper [blank_start]blue[blank_end] iron(II) [blank_start]green[blank_end] iron(III) [blank_start]brown[blank_end]

Holding a piece of damp, red litmus paper over ammonia gas will turn the litmus paper blue.

Match the chemical test to to the ions

New technology, developed over the last few decades, have considerably advanced analytical chemistry. These new instrumental methods have three main advantages, they are:

The calibration curve shows that a flame photometer reading of 5 units, would mean a sample has a concentration of 0.025 g/dm3. What would a reading of 9 units mean? [blank_start]0.045[blank_end] g/dm3

Alkenes have the general formula of CnH2n+2

Because alkenes contain at least one double bond between carbon atoms, we describe them as [blank_start]unsaturated[blank_end] compounds.

The test for [blank_start]alkenes[blank_end] makes use of the [blank_start]addition[blank_end] reaction, and involves adding bromine water to a sample of hydrocarbon. If an [blank_start]alkane[blank_end] is present the solution stays [blank_start]orange-brown[blank_end], but an [blank_start]alkene[blank_end] will turn the solution colourless. This is because the bromine is added across the carbon-carbon [blank_start]double[blank_end] bond.

Name the polymer formed from the monomer propene. [blank_start]poly(propene)[blank_end]

Which of the following is not a reason we would want to use a polymer such as poly(propene) to make plastics for rope?

DNA is a [blank_start]polymer[blank_end] made from four different monomers called [blank_start]nucleotides[blank_end]. Most DNA molecules are made from two polymer chains. These polymer chains join together in the shape of a [blank_start]double helix[blank_end]. Each nucleotide is made of a sugar molecule, a base (A, C, T or [blank_start]G[blank_end]), and a phosphate group.

Most ethanol is made from plants, making it a renewable resource. The process is called fermentation, and requires: (check all that apply)

Fermentation will produce a dilute solution of ethanol, and needs to be purified to remove water and other liquids, as well as insoluble substances, to produce pure ethanol.

Carboxylic acids have the functional group of [blank_start]-COOH[blank_end] ([blank_start]carboxyl[blank_end]), and gives rise to the ending of carbox[blank_start]ylic acid[blank_end]. It is responsible for the general reactions that [blank_start]all[blank_end] carboxylic acids can do.

Which of the following is a reaction that alcohols can do?

People are concerned the small size of [blank_start]nanoparticles[blank_end] makes it possible to breathe them in, or to pass into [blank_start]cells[blank_end] - once inside the [blank_start]body[blank_end], they might catalyse reactions that are harmful producing [blank_start]toxic[blank_end] substances. Modern [blank_start]nanoparticulate[blank_end] materials have not been used for long, so it is [blank_start]difficult[blank_end] for scientists to determine their risks.

Most composite materials have two components: the [blank_start]reinforcement[blank_end], the substance that makes up the bulk of a composite material the [blank_start]matrix[blank_end], which binds the reinforcement together

Nanoparticles are about 1-100 nanometres (nm) in size, that contain only a few hundred atoms.