12. Endocarditis

Description

Cardiology (12. Endocarditis) Quiz on 12. Endocarditis, created by Natasha Woods on 02/06/2019.
Natasha Woods
Quiz by Natasha Woods, updated more than 1 year ago
Natasha Woods
Created by Natasha Woods over 5 years ago
15
1

Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which micro-organisms are the most common cause of infectious endocarditis:
Answer
  • Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aerigunosa, Citrobacter spp.
  • Bartonella, Brucella, Coxiella
  • staphylococci, Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus
  • Group A streptococci, Staphylococci aureus - MRSA, Escherichia coli
  • Viridans streptococci, staphylococci, enterococci, bacteria group Haček

Question 2

Question
The infective endocarditis is characterized by:
Answer
  • vegetation often occurs at the point where the pressure is higher (at the chamber side of the mitral valve, the aortic side of the aortic valve)
  • mature vegetation consisting of cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and inflammatory cells of the bacterium
  • cerebral embolism may occur in more than 2/3 of patients
  • the native Valve is a frequent obstruction due to vegetation
  • Endocarditis is reflected by vegetation on the valves, abscesses in the field of valves and valve perforation

Question 3

Question
What are the main clinical diagnostic criteria for infective endocarditis (under the scheme Duke):
Answer
  • Ultrasound evidence of endocardial involvement (vegetation, abscess)
  • Oslerjevi nodules
  • positive blood culture
  • major arterial embolism
  • artificial cardiac valve

Question 4

Question
Typical laboratory findings in infectious endocarditis are:
Answer
  • Leukocytopenia
  • microscopic hematuria
  • erythrocyte sedimentation rate slowed
  • elevated CRP
  • Janeway lesions

Question 5

Question
Infectious endocarditis caused by streptococcus viridans treated:
Answer
  • penicillin G intravenously for 4 weeks; the first 14 days an additional aminoglycoside
  • with azithromycin, 5 days orally
  • with a combination of ampksicilin / clavulanic acid, for 14 days orally
  • with a combination of ampksicilin / clavulanic acid, for 14 days intravenously
  • penicillin G intravenously in combination with an aminoglycoside, for 14 days

Question 6

Question
In the case where the surgery is at risk patients require antibiotic prophylaxis against infective endocarditis:
Answer
  • dental surgery on gums
  • liver biopsy
  • coronary angiography
  • drainage of abscess
  • tonsillectomy

Question 7

Question
What is the recommended antibiotic scheme for prevention of infectious endocarditis in high-risk surgery:
Answer
  • amoxicillin 2 g orally 1 hour prior to surgery
  • amoxicillin 1 g intravenously 3g before and 3 hours after the procedure
  • amoxicillin + clavulanate 1g 1g before and 12 hours after surgery
  • azithromycin 500 mg 1 day before and 2 days after surgery
  • imipenem 500 mg intravenously during surgery

Question 8

Question
What is characteristic of rheumatic fever:
Answer
  • is the result of direct damage to the heart due to the toxin secreted by betahemolitični group A streptococci
  • rheumatoid arthritis treated with high-dose acetylsalicylic acid
  • rheumatoid carditis treated with steroids
  • the acute phase is characterized by a migratory polyarthritis
  • only affects endocardial

Question 9

Question
The most common cause of infectious endocarditis are:
Answer
  • Gram-positive cocci
  • intracellular bacteria
  • kardiotropni viruses
  • fungi
  • gram-negative bacilli

Question 10

Question
Circle the correct arguments, valid for infective endocarditis:
Answer
  • by transthoracic ultrasound of the heart may be with full confidence exclude infective endocarditis
  • where in the context of infectious endocarditis affected aorta valve is needed as soon as possible surgical valve replacement
  • the treatment with antibiotics is required at least 4 weeks
  • endocarditis can not cause valve regurgitation
  • streptococcal endocarditis treated with monotherapy with aminoglycosides

Question 11

Question
Select operations which is for people who have a history of endocarditis requires antibiotic protection:
Answer
  • cleaning of tartar
  • the insertion of a central venous catheter
  • tonsillectomy
  • tooth extraction
  • abscess incision

Question 12

Question
The vegetation in infectious endocarditis occurring:
Answer
  • For healthy and more frequently, the modified native Valve
  • The valve prosthesis
  • Only the previously modified Valve
  • On the atrial side of the mitral valve and aortic valve chamber side
  • At the site of the defect in the heart, where the pressure is lower

Question 13

Question
Echocardiography "major" criteria for infective endocarditis are:
Answer
  • Prior rheumatic valvular defects
  • The emergence of new valvular regurgitation in native or prosthetic valves
  • Oscillating weight in subvalvular appliance valve
  • Oscillating weight at shutter
  • Prior infectious endocarditis

Question 14

Question
antibiotic protection against endocarditis against tampering with the possible bacteremia is needed:
Answer
  • In all patients who have ever had an operation on the heart
  • In all patients with prosthetic valves
  • In all patients with aortic and / or mitral heart defect
  • In patients after surgical revascularization of the heart
  • Only patients who have a history of endocarditis
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