Quiz
Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children
Questions in this quiz (30)
1Until the skeleton matures and adult stature is reached, where does growth in the length of bone occur?
- AEpiphyseal line
- BPhyseal plate
- CEpiphyseal cartilage
- DMetaphyseal plate
2A healthcare professional is educating an expectant parent class. Which skeletal deformity does the professional tell them is normal at birth but generally disappears by years of age?
- AGenu varum (bowleg)
- BGenu valgum (knock knee)
- CEquinovarus (clubfoot)
- DPes planus (flat feet)
3A healthcare professional wants to estimate the total mass of muscle in a patient’s body. What serum laboratory test should the professional evaluate?
- AAlbumin
- BBlood urea nitrogen
- CCreatinine
- DCreatine
4A healthcare professional working with children learns that which is the most common congenital skeletal defect of the upper extremity?
- AVestigial tabs
- BPaget disease
- CRickets
- DSyndactyly
5What diagnosis is given to parents when their infant’s hip maintains contact with the acetabulum but is not well seated within the hip joint?
- ADislocatable hip
- BSubluxated hip
- CDislocated hip
- DSubluxable hip
6Which sign or symptom is a very late indication of developmental dysplasia of the hip?
- AAsymmetry of the gluteal or thigh folds
- B. Leg-length discrepancy
- CWaddling gait
- DPain
7To assess for osteogenesis imperfecta, which laboratory result would the healthcare
professional expect to find?- AIncreased phosphorus
- BDecreased calcium
- CIncreased alkaline phosphatase
- DDecreased total protein
8A child has a disorder that resulted in the failure of bones to ossify, resulting in soft bones and skeletal deformity. What treatment plan does the healthcare professional discuss with the parents?
- AExtremely careful handling
- BIncreasing vitamin D intake
- CRevascularization
- DContainment and motion therapy
9An insufficient dietary intake of which vitamin can lead to rickets in children?
- AC
- BB12
- CB6
- DD
10A child has scoliosis with a 40-degree curvature of the spine, and the parent is worried about pulmonary involvement. What statement by the healthcare professional is most appropriate?
- A“Scoliosis is a bone disorder and does not affect the lungs.”
- B“Yes, we should obtain pulmonary function studies soon.”
- C“Scoliosis severe enough to involve the lungs would be fatal.”
- D“The lungs aren’t affected until the curvature is over 80 degrees.”
11In osteomyelitis, bacteria gain access to the subperiosteal space in the metaphysis. What factor makes this route the easiest for bacteria to gain access to this area?
- ACortex of the bone in this area is porous or mazelike.
- BBlood supply to the metaphysis is easily compromised
- CMacrophages and lymphocytes have limited access to the subperiosteal space.
- DBacteria usually spread down the medullary cavity of the bone.
12 The student wants to know how the clinical manifestations and onset of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) differ from those of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults. What answer by the healthcare professional is best?
- AJIA begins insidiously with systemic signs of inflammation.
- BJIA predominantly affects large joints.
- CJIA has more severe joint pain than adult RA.
- DJIA has a rapid onset of generalized aches as the first symptom.
13An adolescent has been diagnosed with osteochondrosis. How does the healthcare
professional describe the pathophysiology to the teen?- AImbalance between calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
- BNutritional deficiency of calcium and phosphorus
- CBacterial infection of the bone
- DVascular impairment and trauma to bone
14 Which bones are affected in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?
- AHeads of the femur
- BDistal femurs
- CHeads of the humerus
- DDistal tibias
15What does the student learn about the pain experienced with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?
- AElbow and upper and lower arm pain is aggravated by activity and relieved by rest.
- BKnee, inner thigh, and groin pain is described as a continuous ache and relieved by antiinflammatory drugs.
- CKnee, inner thigh, and groin pain is aggravated by activity and relieved by rest.
- DElbow and upper and lower arm pain is described as a continuous ache and relieved by antiinflammatory drugs.
16The healthcare professional directs a student to assess a teen who has Osgood-Schlatter disease. What assessment finding does the student anticipate for this disorder?
- ALateral epicondylitis of the elbow
- BInflammation of the anterior cruciate ligament
- CBursitis of the subscapular bursa in the glenohumeral joint
- DTendinitis of the anterior patellar tendon
17At birth, the diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) may be made based on what factor?
- ABrain trauma
- BPrematurity
- CMajor brain malformation
- DGenetic defect
18A child has Duchenne muscular dystrophy and the parents want to know how this occurred. Which statement by the healthcare professional is most accurate?
- AX-linked recessive inheritance
- BCommon SMN1 gene abnormality
- CAutosomal dominant inheritance
- DInheritance is not well defined
19Which protein, absent in muscle cells of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, mediates the anchoring of skeletal muscle fibers to the basement membrane?
- ASyntrophin
- BLaminin
- CDystrophin
- DTroponin
20A child has Duchenne muscular dystrophy. What complication does the healthcare
professional teach the parents is most important to control?- ARespiratory infection
- BJoint contractures
- CUrinary tract infection
- DFractures from falling
21Generally, what is the first symptom of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy?
- AInability to open the eyes completely
- BDifficulty standing
- CDrooping shoulders
- DFacial pain
22What is the most common malignant bone tumor diagnosed during childhood?
- AChondrosarcoma
- BFibrosarcoma
- CEwing Sarcoma
- DOsteosarcoma
23Molecular analysis has demonstrated that osteosarcoma is associated with which gene?
- ATP53
- Bsrc
- Cmyc
- DTSC2
24A child has osteosarcoma and the healthcare team is assessing for metastases. What diagnostic study would be the priority?
- APancreatic enzyme analysis
- BLiver biopsy
- CChest x-ray or CT scan
- DBrain MRI
25What does a Ewing sarcoma arise from?
- ABone marrow
- BBone-producing mesenchymal cells
- CMetadiaphysis of long bones
- DEmbryonal osteocytes
26Rhabdomyosarcoma can develop in which type of muscle?
- ACardiac
- BSmooth
- CInvoluntary
- DStriated
27A newborn is diagnosed with osteomyelitis. What organism does the healthcare professional prepare to treat?
- AStaphylococcus aureus
- BEscherichia coli
- CGroup B streptococcus
- DBacillus anthracis
28A student asks what the cause of structural scoliosis is. What explanation by the professor is accurate?
- APoor posture
- BVertebral rotation
- CPoor calcium absorption
- DIntrauterine trauma
29What does the student learn about bone growth before adulthood? (Select all that apply.)
- AGrowth in the length of bone occurs at the physeal plate.
- BGrowth occurs through endochondral ossification.
- CBone growth takes place under hormonal control.
- DCartilage cells at the epiphyseal side of the physeal plate multiply and enlarge.
- ECartilage cells at the metaphyseal side of the plate are replaced by bone.
30The anatomic makeup of which bone structures make them susceptible locations for osteomyelitis in children? (Select all that apply.)
- AHip joint
- BDistal femur
- CProximal humerus
- DDistal radius
- ELateral ankle
Information
- Description
- Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis of Disease in Adults and Children 8th Edition
- Author
- Emily Doyle
- Language
- English
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