Cells into Tissues

Fill in the blanks to describe the classifications of epithelial tissues by the shape of their cells. [blank_start]Squamous[blank_end] epithelium has cells wider than their height that often provide a protective layer. [blank_start]Cuboidal[blank_end] epithelium has cells with approximately the same width and height that are often found in the glands. [blank_start]Columnar[blank_end] epithelium has cells with a greater height than their width that are specialised for absorption and secretion.

What name is given to epithelial tissue where the cells appear to be arranged in multiple layers but each has an attachment to the basement membrane?

Keritinized epithelium has a layer of dead cells full of keratin upon it.

Epithelial cells have fixed shapes to maintain their function.

In what system do we find transitional epithelium in particular?

Which statement accurately describes an exocrine gland?

Blood vessels can penetrate the basal membrane.

FIll in the blanks to describe the development of an exocrine gland. 1. Cells [blank_start]proliferate[blank_end] down into the connective tissue. 2. The primitive gland remains attached to the epithelium via a [blank_start]stalk[blank_end]. 3. The cells of the stalk [blank_start]differentiate[blank_end] to form ductal cells.

Endocrine cells follow a similar development to exocrine glands - their cells proliferate down into the connective tissue from the epithelium. However, what happens after this?

Fill in the blanks to define the different types of exocrine secretion. [blank_start]Merocrine[blank_end] secretion is where vesicles containing the secretory substance fuse with the surface membrane in regular exocytosis. [blank_start]Apocrine[blank_end] secretion is where part of the apical cytoplasm is lost together with the secretory product as a vesicle forms at this membrane. [blank_start]Holocrine[blank_end] secretion is where the entire cell breaks down to discharge the secretory substance.

Cell junctions are multiprotein complexes that provide contact between neighbouring cells.

Which junction seals neighbouring cells together in an epithelial sheet in order to prevent leakage of molecules between them?

Adherens junctions join bundles of which molecule in one cell to a similar bundle in a neighbouring cell?

Which cell junction joins the intermediate filaments in one cell to those of a neighbour?

What is the function of gap junctions?

Hemidesmosomes anchor intermediate filaments in a cell to the basal lamina.

Tight junctions consist of a continuous band of homodimer proteins at the basal edge of a cell.

What is the function of adherens junctions>?

Label this diagram to show some of the proteins involved in an adherens junction.

Which proteins are linked to the cytoskeleton in the formation of tight junctions? Check all that apply.

Why is it that desmosomes and hemidesmosomes anchor to the intermediate filaments of a cell, considering they have a structural function?

Cell adhesion proteins in desmosomes bind homophilically. What does this mean?

How many connexon proteins make up the ring in a gap junction?

Gap junctions are always open.

Integrin proteins are involved in the formation of which cell junction?