Quiz
Exam #3: Ch.15
Create a free account to finish this quiz
Save your progress and see your final score.
Already have an account? Sign in
Questions in this quiz (50)
1Which of the following characteristics is shared by the skin and mucous membranes?
- Asebum may be present.
- Blysozymes are always present.
- Cthey are both constantly shedding and replacing cells.
- Dthe outer layers are composed of dead cells.
- Ethey both have cilia.
2Which of the following statements is true of eosinophils?
- AThey are in intact skin, sebum, tears, etc.
- BThey produce the coating of a pathogen by complement.
- CThey release prostaglandins and leukotrienes in response to microbes.
- DThey increase in allergies and helminth infection.
- EThey are nonspecific leukocytes that secrete toxins onto the surface of virally infected cells.
3Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
- Amacrophages — lymph nodes
- Balveolar macrophage — lungs
- Cdendritic cells — epidermis
- Dmicroglial cells — spleen
- Emicroglial cells — brain
4Pyrogens affect the hypothalamus, causing elevation of the internal body temperature.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5Protection from infection known as species resistance is a result of
- Athe absence of receptors required for microbial attachment.
- Bthe presence of phagocytes in the tissues.
- Cthe lack of suitable environment in the body.
- Dboth the absence of necessary receptors and lack of suitable environment in the body.
- Ethe salty, acidic condition of normal skin.
6Which of the following does NOT bind iron?
- Alactoferrin
- Bferritin
- Csiderophores
- Dtransferrin
- EM protein
7Which of the following is NOT considered part of the body's nonspecific lines of defense against disease?
- Abloodborne chemicals
- Bintact skin
- Cantibodies
- Dphagocytic cells
- Emucous membranes
8Diapedesis is the process in which
- Aphagocyte receptors detect PAMPs.
- Ba cell moves toward or away from a chemical stimulus.
- Ccells squeeze through the lining of capillaries to attack invading microbes.
- Dmonocytes stick to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection.
- Eleukocytes increase during allergies and helminth infection.
9Margination is defined as
- Athe process in which nonspecific leukocytes secrete toxins onto the surface of virally infected cells.
- Bthe coating of a pathogen by complement.
- Cthe release prostaglandins and leukotrienes in response to microbes.
- Dintact skin, sebum, tears, etc.
- Ethe process in which monocytes stick to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection.
10Which of the following is a correct pairing of activator and leukocyte?
- Agamma interferon — eosinophil
- BC3b — natural killer lymphocyte
- CNOD protein — neutrophil
- Dlectin — neutrophil
- Ealpha interferon — natural killer lymphocyte
11The resident microbiota have no role in defense against pathogen invasion.
- ATrue
- BFalse
12Which of the following are phagocytic cells found in the epidermis?
- Adendritic cells
- Bwandering macrophages
- Cmicroglia
- Dnatural killer lymphocytes
- Eneutrophils
13Which of the following leukocytes have granules in their cytoplasm that stain blue with methylene blue?
- Amonocytes
- Bbasophils
- Ceosinophils
- Dneutrophils
- Elymphocytes
14Which of the following is(are) activities of neutrophils?
- Aformation of neutrophil extracellular traps and phagocytosis.
- Bphagocytosis
- Cformation of neutrophil extracellular traps
- Denzyme production that leads to the formation of nitric oxide
- Eformation of neutrophil extracellular traps, phagocytosis, and production of nitric oxide.
15Some Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are found on the surface of host cells and recognize specific microbial molecules.
- ATrue
- BFalse
16Which of the following statements concerning the alternative complement system is true?
- AIt is more efficient than the classical pathway.
- BIts activation is independent of antibodies.
- CIt works best on Gram-positive bacteria.
- DIt plays a very significant role in the elimination of parasitic helminths.
- EIt is not useful in the early stages of fungal infection.
17Which of the following statements regarding macrophages is correct?
- AThey are nonspecific leukocytes that secrete toxins onto the surface of virally infected cells.
- BThey release prostaglandins and leukotrienes in response to microbes.
- CThey kill cells by causing cell lysis.
- DThey cause damage resulting in cell lysis.
- EThey produce the coating of a pathogen by complement.
18The phenomenon known as chemotaxis is defined as
- Athe movement of a cell toward or away from a chemical stimulus.
- Bthe release of prostaglandins and leukotrienes in response to microbes.
- Can increase in allergies and helminth infection.
- Dthe squeezing of cells through the lining of capillaries.
- Ethe coating of a pathogen by complement.
19Which of the following substances is responsible for the edema associated with inflammation?
- Ahistamine
- Bdefensin
- Cleukotrienes
- Dboth leukotrienes and histamine
- Einterferon
20MACs are
- Athe initial trigger for the lectin complement system.
- Bthe end result of both the classical and alternative complement systems.
- Cthe initial trigger for the classical complement system.
- Dthe initial trigger for the alternative complement system.
- Ethe end result of only the alternative complement system.
21Which of the following is NOT involved in phagocytosis?
- Achemotaxis
- Badherence
- Cingestion
- Dactivation
- Ekilling
22Which of the following is NOT an example of a walled-off site of infection that contains a fluid made of dead tissue cells and dead leukocytes?
- Aa pustule
- Ban abscess
- Ca pimple
- Da boil
- Ea tumor
23Neutrophils can kill bacteria by nonphagocytic mechanisms.
- ATrue
- BFalse
24Which of the following is NOT one of the signs of inflammation?
- Apain (dolor)
- Bodor
- Cheat (calor)
- Dswelling (tumor)
- Eredness (rubor)
25Inflammation is an important part of the body's first line of defense, and it involves migration of phagocytes to the area.
- ATrue
- BFalse
26The alternative pathway for complement activation is more effective than the classical pathway.
- ATrue
- BFalse
27Microbial antagonism refers to
- Athe ability of microbiota to mutate into pathogens.
- Bthe presence of normal microbiota that can become pathogens under certain conditions.
- Cthe presence of pathogens on the surface of the skin, which will invade the body through abrasions.
- Dthe presence of normal microbiota that protect the body by competing with pathogens in a variety of ways to prevent pathogens from invading the body.
- Ethe presence of resident bacteria on the surface of the body and in cavities that connect to the surface.
28Alpha and beta interferons
- Aprotect the cells that secrete them from being invaded by a virus.
- Bproduce no adverse effects in the body.
- Cproduce active antiviral proteins (AVPs) that coat the surface of healthy cells and prevent the attachment of pathogenic viruses.
- Dhelp protect virus-infected cells from the effects of the pathogen.
- Eare produced by infected fibroblasts and macrophages.
29Histamine and prostaglandins are involved in inflammatory reactions.
- ATrue
- BFalse
30Which of the following is the key difference in the roles of the classical and alternative pathways of the complement system?
- Athe effectiveness in killing Gram-negative bacteria
- Bthe range of microbes that can be targeted
- Cproduction of chemotactic factors
- Dtriggering inflammation
- Ethe formation of MACs
31The complement cascade and its by-products contribute to
- Atriggering inflammation and release of interferons.
- Battraction of phagocytes to sites of infection.
- Ctriggering inflammation and attracting phagocytes to sites of infection.
- Dtriggering release of interferons.
- Etriggering inflammation.
32Opsonization is
- Aphagocyte receptors that detect PAMPs.
- Bthe sticking of monocytes to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection.
- Cdamage resulting in cell lysis.
- Dthe coating of a pathogen by complement.
- Enonspecific leukocyte secretion of toxins onto the surface of virally infected cells.
33First line of defense may be described as
- Athe release of prostaglandins and leukotrienes in response to microbes.
- Bintact skin, sebum, tears, etc.
- Cnonspecific leukocytes that secrete toxins onto the surface of virally infected cells.
- Dthe coating of a pathogen by complement.
- Edamage resulting in cell lysis.
34Mucous membranes are quite thin and fragile. How can such delicate tissue provide defense against microbial invaders?
- Aboth the mucus and the outer layer of cells are shed frequently.
- Bthe mucus is a physical trap that contains a variety of antimicrobial chemicals.
- Cthe mucus physically traps microbes, contains a variety of antimicrobial chemicals, and is shed constantly, along with the outermost layer of cells.
- Dthe mucus contains a variety of antimicrobial chemicals and molecules.
- Ethe mucus secreted by the mucous membrane physically traps microbes.
35The complement cascade results in
- Adamage resulting in cell lysis.
- Bthe release of interferons.
- Cmovement of a cell toward or away from a chemical stimulus.
- Dthe squeezing of cells through the lining of capillaries to attack invading microbes.
- Ethe sticking of monocytes to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection.
36The M protein on the surface of Streptococcus pyogenes
- Aacts as a toxin to human cells.
- Bis an iron-binding protein.
- Cis a pyrogen that elevates the body temperature.
- Dis a chemotatic substance that attracts neutrophils.
- Eis part of the capsule and prevents adherence of phagocytes to its surface.
37Which complement protein is the key to activating the alternative pathway of complement activation?
- AC1
- BC3
- CC4
- DC2
- EC5
38Which of the following contributes to protecting the eyes from microbial invasion?
- Atears contain lysozyme and salt and mechanically flush particles from the eyes.
- Btears contain lysozyme and salt.
- Ctears mechanically flush particles from the eyes.
- Da mucus layer traps and removes microbes.
- Etears and mucus combine to trap microbes and remove them.
39Which of the following cells increase in number during a helminth infection?
- Abasophils
- Beosinophils
- Cneutrophils
- Dmacrophages
- Elymphocytes
40Which of the following substances stimulates the phagocytic activity of phagocytes?
- Aleukotrienes
- Balpha interferons
- Cantiviral proteins
- Dbeta interferons
- Egamma interferons
41TLRs are
- Anonspecific leukocytes that secrete toxins onto the surface of virally infected cells.
- Bthe coating of a pathogen by complement.
- Cphagocyte receptors that detect PAMPs.
- Dmolecules that damage cells, resulting in cell lysis.
- Epresent in intact skin, sebum, tears, etc.
42How does aspirin act to decrease the symptoms of inflammation?
- Ait blocks the release of histamine.
- Bit prevents complement activation.
- Cit interferes with the action of interferons.
- Dit acts as an antiprostaglandin.
- Eit is an antitoxoid for most microbial toxins.
43Which of the following statements about natural killer lymphocytes is FALSE?
- AThey identify and spare normal cells.
- BThey secrete toxins onto virally infected cells.
- CThey attach to the surface of parasitic helminths and produce toxins that kill the parasite.
- DThey are involved in the removal of neoplastic cells.
- EThey accomplish extracellular killing.
44Chemotaxis is the
- Atransport of substances across the cytoplasmic membrane.
- Battachment of phagocytes to a microorganism by binding to complementary proteins.
- Cmovement of cells toward or away from a chemical stimulus.
- Dsqueezing of cells between the cells lining capillaries in order to attack invading microbes.
- Eextension of pseudopodia to surround a microbe.
45Which of the following cells can use nonphagocytic means to kill bacteria?
- Aeosinophils
- Beosinophils and neutrophils
- Cmacrophages
- Dnatural killer cells
- Eneutrophils
46The residual body is
- Aa dead phagocyte.
- Bthe remains of a phagosome after digestion.
- Cthe attachment of a phagosome to the surface of a pathogen.
- Dthe union of a phagosome with lysosomes.
- Ea type of granule in a granulocyte.
47Which of the following statements regarding the surface of the skin is FALSE?
- AIt is acidic.
- BIt has goblet cells.
- CIt is salty.
- DIt has sebum as a coating.
- EIt has normal microbiota.
48Defensins are small peptides that work specifically against certain pathogens.
- ATrue
- BFalse
49Interferons work against viruses.
- ATrue
- BFalse
50The leukocytes called natural killer lymphocytes
- Aincrease in allergies and helminth infection.
- Brespond to the coating of a pathogen by complement.
- Crelease prostaglandins and leukotrienes in response to microbes.
- Dare nonspecific leukocytes that secrete toxins onto the surface of virally infected cells.
- Eare specialists in killing bacteria.
Information
- Description
- Microbiology Quiz on Exam #3: Ch.15, created by Brey Fure on 12/04/2020.
- Author
- Brey Fure
- Language
- English
- Views
- 0
- Tags
- Rating
- No ratings yet Rate this quiz