Hormonal Secretion

Where do endocrine cells secrete their hormones into?

What is a neuroendocrine cell?

What type of chemical signalling occurs when a cell targets itself?

What type of chemical signalling occurs when a cell targets a neighbouring cell?

What type of signalling occurs when a cell releases a signal into the blood to be carried to its distant target cell?

Which of the following hormones are secreted by neurosecretory cells?

Which of the following hormones are secreted by epithelial tissues?

What gives a hormone a long half-life?

The following questions will be about protein/peptide hormones. What must happen to preprohormones to form active prohormones?

How are active protein/peptide hormones released?

Are protein/peptide hormones protein-bound in circulation?

Which is true of protein hormones in circulation?

The following questions will be about steroid hormones. What are steroid hormones derived from?

Steroid hormones are lipid soluble.

Steroid hormones are stored in glands.

Are steroid hormones protein-bound in circulation?

Which is true of steroid hormones?

The following questions will be about amine hormones. Most amine hormones are derived from...?

Thyroid hormones are amine hormones.

Which subtype of amine hormone is lipid-soluble?

Which subtype of amine hormone is water-soluble?

Which subtype of amine hormone is protein-bound in circulation, thus giving it a long half-life?

Which subtype of amine hormone is not bound to protein in circulation, giving it a short half-life?

Which subtype of amine hormones are stored intracellulary in secretory granules?

What are eicosanoids?

What are eicosanoids derived from?

Which of the following is an example of an eicosanoid?

Which of the following hormones have intracellular receptors that alter gene transcription?

Which of the following hormones have membrane-bound receptors that initiate second-messenger pathways to change enzyme activity?

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the mechanism of steroid hormones. 1. The steroid hormone crosses the membrane as it is [blank_start]lipid[blank_end]-soluble. 2. The steroid hormone binds to its receptor in the cytosol or [blank_start]nucleus[blank_end]. 3. The receptor undergoes a [blank_start]conformational shape change[blank_end] that allows it to bind to DNA. 4. The receptor forms a [blank_start]dimer[blank_end] with another receptor unit and binds to DNA. 5. Binding alters [blank_start]transcription[blank_end] of target genes.

Which of the following can control hormone secretion?

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the anatomy of the pituitary gland.

During the development of the pituitary gland, the outpouching of what will form the posterior pituitary/neurohypophysis?

During the development of the pituitary gland, the outpouching of what will form the anterior pituitary/adenohypophysis?

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the development of the pituitary gland.

Which of the following are secreted by the posterior pituitary/neurohypophysis?

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the secretion of hormones by the posterior pituitary gland/neurohypophysis. 1. Specific neural stimuli lead to the synthesis of hormones in [blank_start]cell bodies[blank_end] of [blank_start]hypothalamic[blank_end] nuclei. 2. The hormones are transported down the [blank_start]axons[blank_end] of [blank_start]neuroendocrine[blank_end] cells. 3. The hormones are stored in [blank_start]Herring bodies[blank_end] in the nerve terminals. 4. The hormones are released directly into the [blank_start]venous blood[blank_end] of the posterior pituitary.

What is the effect of ADH?

Oxytocin increases uterine contractions during birth as well as milk ejection during suckling.

Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the mechanism of secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary/adenohypophysis. 1. Specific neural stimuli lead to [blank_start]synthesis[blank_end] and release of [blank_start]hypothalamic[blank_end] hormones. 2. Hypothalamic hormones are released by [blank_start]neuroendocrine[blank_end] cells into blood vessels at the [blank_start]median eminence[blank_end]. 3. The hypothalamic hormones travel down [blank_start]portal blood vessels[blank_end]. 4. The hypothalamic hormones control release of anterior pituitary hormones.

Which part of the pituitary gland receives direct supply from the hypophyseal arteries?

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the vasculature of the pituitary gland.

Which of the following are secreted by the anterior pituitary/adenohypophysis?

What do the hypothalamic hypophysiotrophic hormones do?

Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the effect of hypothalamic hypophysiotrophic hormones on the anterior pituitary/adenohypophysis.