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Prather Test 3

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grad school
cepa2k7
Quiz by cepa2k7, updated more than 1 year ago
cepa2k7
Created by cepa2k7 almost 9 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Which of the following is a term for a cyclic behavior that changes yearly?
Answer
  • circadian
  • ultradian
  • circannual
  • zeitgeber

Question 2

Question
Mammals have circadian rhythms:
Answer
  • only for their sleep/activity cycle.
  • only for frequency of eating and drinking
  • for sleep/wake cycles as well as many other behaviors
  • only for body temperature only and eating behavior

Question 3

Question
Based on research, it has been determined that a free-running human circadian rhythm appears:
Answer
  • to be shorter than 24 hours.
  • to be exactly 24 hours
  • to be just over 24 hours
  • to be closer to 30 hours

Question 4

Question
Of the following, which one is a commonly used way to consistently adjust the circadian rhythms of people in our culture?
Answer
  • exposure to alarm clocks
  • exposure to very dim lights
  • working different schedules every day
  • eating a big meal before going to sleep

Question 5

Question
A cue which is used to reset a circadian rhythm would be called a:
Answer
  • zeitgeber
  • phase shifter
  • zeitgeist
  • alpha spike

Question 6

Question
Which of the following is a protein coded for by the gene tim?
Answer
  • period
  • timeless
  • per
  • amyloid

Question 7

Question
After damage to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the body:
Answer
  • cannot generate biological rhythms at all.
  • still has rhythms in synchrony with environmental patterns of light and dark.
  • still has a rhythms, but they are more variable, and inconsistent
  • still has rhythms, but they can only be reset by artificial light.

Question 8

Question
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is found in the:
Answer
  • thalamus
  • infundibulum
  • midbrain
  • hypothalamus

Question 9

Question
One of the hormones which is strongly implicated in the maintenance of circadian rhythms is:
Answer
  • pineal juice
  • vasopressin
  • follicle stimulating hormone
  • melatonin

Question 10

Question
Beta waves are characteristic of what type of activity?
Answer
  • NREM sleep
  • nightmares
  • dosing off into sleep
  • wakefulness

Question 11

Question
Stage One sleep is most characterized by:
Answer
  • the appearance of theta waves
  • sleep spindles and K-complexes
  • predominance of delta waves
  • the first appearance of delta waves

Question 12

Question
Sleep spindles and K-complexes are most characteristic of which sleep stage?
Answer
  • stage 1
  • stage 2
  • stage 3
  • stage 4

Question 13

Question
Stage 4 of sleep is composed of a majority of which frequency of EEG patterns?
Answer
  • alpha
  • beta
  • theta
  • delta

Question 14

Question
The acronym "REM" stands for:
Answer
  • remembering every memory
  • rapid eye movement
  • reflexive EEG modes
  • retina encephalon medulla

Question 15

Question
Which of the following is NOT associated with REM sleep?
Answer
  • increased probability of dreaming
  • small eye movements
  • EEG patterns resembling wakefulness
  • tense and active postural muscles

Question 16

Question
PGO (waves) is an abbreviation for which of the following?
Answer
  • paradoxical gradual onset
  • psycho-galvanic oscillation
  • pons geniculate occipital
  • psychasthenia glyceric onomatopoeia

Question 17

Question
During REM sleep:
Answer
  • it is normal for a person to behaviorally act out their dreams
  • females commonly experience orgasms
  • males typically attain erections
  • delta waves predominate the EEG

Question 18

Question
For a normal person, about how long does a single cycle of sleep (from stage 1 to stage 4 and back to stage 1 again) lst?
Answer
  • 5-10 minutes
  • 90-100 minutes
  • 4 hours
  • 7-8 hours

Question 19

Question
Caffeine in coffee or tea typically keeps someone awake by:
Answer
  • blocking adenosine in the brain
  • inhibiting norepinephrine
  • working as a serotonin agonist
  • working as an acetylcholine antagonist

Question 20

Question
Which of the following is not characteristic of narcolepsy?
Answer
  • sudden onset of sleep at inappropriate times
  • cataplexies
  • bruxisms
  • hypnogogic hallucinations

Question 21

Question
What is involved in sleep apnea?
Answer
  • involuntary movements of the arms and legs during sleep
  • inability to breathe while sleeping
  • tendency to fall asleep suddenly during the day
  • sleep-talking

Question 22

Question
Statistically, which of the following individuals is most likely to suffer from sleep apnea?
Answer
  • a young, thin female
  • an elderly, average weight female
  • an old, thin male
  • a middle-aged, overweight male

Question 23

Question
The diagnostic criteria for narcolepsy includes:
Answer
  • sleep without dreams
  • REM onset with the sleep attack
  • muscle twitches during a spindle
  • Stage 4 EEGs at the start of sleep

Question 24

Question
People who move around vigorously during dreams, apparently acting out those dreams, have which of the following condition?
Answer
  • somnambulism
  • REM without atonia
  • periodic limb movement disorder
  • cataplexy

Question 25

Question
Waking suddenly in a sweat, feeling scared and anxious would be most associated with:
Answer
  • REM behavior disorder
  • night terrors
  • periodic limb movement disorder
  • cataplexy

Question 26

Question
Night terrors, sleep walking and sleep talking are most likely to occur in which stage of sleep?
Answer
  • stage one
  • stage two
  • stage four
  • REM

Question 27

Question
What is grinding ones teeth at night called?
Answer
  • nocturnal enuresis
  • myoclonus
  • bruxism
  • incubus

Question 28

Question
Which of the following is also a term for bed-wetting?
Answer
  • nocturnal enuresis
  • myoclonus
  • bruxism
  • incubus

Question 29

Question
Which of the following theories for why people sleep involves a recalibration of neuromuscular connections?
Answer
  • repair and restoration
  • evolutionary
  • motor pathway reset
  • psychoanalytic

Question 30

Question
Which of the following has been proposed as a theory that accounts for dreaming?
Answer
  • restoration of metabolic functions
  • activation-synthesis theory
  • homeostasis theory
  • emotional variance reduction

Question 31

Question
According to the evolutionary theory of sleep, what is the primary function of sleep?
Answer
  • to conserve energy during periods of environmental inactivity
  • to promote brain development
  • to restore body functions that were exhausted during wakefulness
  • to enable the person to reexperience, in dreams, the events of the past.

Question 32

Question
The SRY gene will code for:
Answer
  • the development of the female reproductive organs
  • the development of the testes
  • the secretion of estrogen into the blood stream
  • the development of the sexually dimorphic nucleus in the hypothalamus

Question 33

Question
Mullerian ducts can be found in:
Answer
  • genetic female fetuses only
  • genetic male fetuses only
  • both female and male fetuses early in development
  • both female and male fetuses until days before birth

Question 34

Question
What are the tissue precursors for the male reproductive structures called?
Answer
  • Mullerian system
  • Turner's system
  • Wolffian system
  • Kinsey's system

Question 35

Question
If you exposed a female rat to testosterone during a critical period early in life, her hypothalamus will:
Answer
  • develop more like a typical male rat's hypothalamus
  • develop a cyclic pattern of hormone release
  • decrease in size
  • become inactive

Question 36

Question
Follicle-stimulating hormone is released by the:
Answer
  • pineal gland
  • posterior pituitary
  • anterior pituitary
  • ovum

Question 37

Question
Gonadropin releasing hormone will be secreted by the:
Answer
  • hypothalamus
  • pituitary
  • testes
  • ovaries

Question 38

Question
In a human female, the hormones of LH, FSH, and estradiol reach a peak:
Answer
  • in the first month of pregnancy
  • at the start of the menstrual period
  • at the end of the menstrual period
  • around the time of ovulation

Question 39

Question
Birth control pills prevent pregnancy by:
Answer
  • increasing the release of estrogen
  • increasing the release of FSH
  • interfering with the feedback cycle between the ovaries and pituitary
  • inactivating both ovaries

Question 40

Question
Which of the following is not a typical male sexual behavior?
Answer
  • intromission
  • pelvic thrusting
  • lordosis
  • ejaculation

Question 41

Question
When female mice synchronize their estrous cycles, it would be called the:
Answer
  • Lee-Boot effect
  • Whitten effect
  • Vandenbergh effect
  • Bruce effect

Question 42

Question
When the odor of a male mouse accelerates the onset of puberty in female mice, it would be called the:
Answer
  • Lee-Boot effect
  • Whitten effect
  • Vandenbergh effect
  • Bruce effect

Question 43

Question
Someone with Turner's syndrome would have what genetic complement of sex chromosomes?
Answer
  • XXX
  • XYY
  • X0
  • XXY

Question 44

Question
Someone with androgen insensitivity is genetically:
Answer
  • female, but looks intermediate between male and female
  • female, but fails to show any changes at puberty
  • male, looks like a normal male, but behaves more like a female
  • male, but develops looking more like a female

Question 45

Question
IN the Dominican Republic, certain genetic males who are regarded in early childhood as girls have developed into boys at puberty. What is this condition called?
Answer
  • congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  • 5-alpha-reductase deficiency
  • androgen insensitivity
  • Mullerian insufficiency
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