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Excretion
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Questions in this quiz (31)
1What is excretion?
- ARemoval of toxic waste products
- BRemoval of waste products formed in a metabolic reaction
- CRemoval of toxic waste products formed a in metabolic reaction
- DRemoval of toxic waste products formed in a reaction
2What are the 2 main products produced in the body in very large amounts?
- ACO2 and O2
- BO2 and urea
- CGlucose and O2
- DCO2 and urea
3Where is CO2 produced?
- AEvery living cell in the body
- BLiver
- CKidneys
- DLungs
4Where is urea produced?
- ABladder
- BKidneys
- CLiver
- DPancreas
5What products need to be excreted?
- AAny cell product formed in excess by chem processes in cells
- BAny cell product formed by chem processes in cells
- CAny cell product formed by cells
- DAny cell product formed in shortage by chem processes in cells
6How is CO2 excreted?
- ACO2 passed from cells of respiring tissues into bloodstream. Transported in blood (mostly in form of HCO3-) to lungs. Lungs – CO2 diffuses into bronchioles– breathed out.
- BCO2 passed from cells of respiring tissues into bloodstream. Transported in blood (mostly in form of H2CO3) to lungs. Lungs – CO2 diffuses into alveoli – breathed out.
- CCO2 passed from cells of respiring tissues into bloodstream. Transported in blood (mostly in form of HCO3-) to lungs. Lungs – CO2 diffuses into alveoli – breathed out.
- DCO2 passed from cells of respiring tissues into bloodstream. Transported in blood (mostly in form of HCO3-) to lungs. Lungs – CO2 diffuses into alveoli – breathed in.
7How is urea excreted?
- AUrea passed into bloodstream – transported to liver in solution – dissolved in plasma. In liver – removed from blood – become part of urine. Urine stored in bladder – excreted via urethra
- BUrea passed into bloodstream – transported to kidneys in solution – dissolved in plasma. In kidneys – removed from blood – become part of urine. Urine stored in bladder – excreted via urethra
- CUrea passed into bloodstream – transported to liver in solution – dissolved in plasma. In liver – removed from blood – become part of urine. Urine stored in bile duct – excreted via urethra
- DUrea passed into bloodstream – transported to kidneys in solution – dissolved in plasma. In kidneys – removed from blood – become part of urine. Urine stored in bladder – excreted via ureter
8Why must excess CO2 be removed?
- AIt's explosive
- BIt's harmful to the lungs
- CIt's flammable
- DIt's toxic
9What is the majority of CO2 carried in the blood as?
- AHCO3-
- BH2CO3
- CNaHCO3
- DNaCO3
10What does forming HCO3- also form and where does this occur?
- AH- ions in RBCs
- BH+ in WBCs
- CH+ in RBCs
- DH2 in liver cells
11What enzyme catalyses reaction of HCO3- forming H+?
- AHydrogenase
- BCarbon hydrase
- CDecarboxylase
- DCarbonic anhydrase
12What does H+ formed combine with and how?
- AH2CO3 – H+ competes with O2 for reaction
- BHaemoglobin – H+ competes with O2 for space on Hb
- CHaemoglobin – H+ competes with CO2 for space on Hb
- DRBC – H+ competes with O2 for Hb in RBC
13What is the effect of having too much CO2 in blood?
- AReduces O2 transport
- BIncreases O2 transport
- CIncreases rate of aerobic respiration
- DDecreases amount of enzymes needed to break it down
14What does CO2 also combine directly with and what is formed?
- Acarbaminohaemoglobin to form Hb
- BH+ to form H2CO3
- CHb to form carbaminohaemoglobin
- DH2CO3 to form H+
15How is carbaminoHb different to normal Hb?
- AHas higher affinity for O2
- BHas lower affinity for O2
- CHas lower affinity for CO2
- DHas higher affinity for H
16What is the effect of having too much CO2 in blood?
- AAsthma
- BRespiratory failure
- CBronchitis
- DRespiratory acidosis
17Where does CO2 dissolve?
- AAlveoli
- BCytoplasm
- CRBCs
- DBlood plasma
18What product is formed when CO2 reacts with H2O?
- AHCO3-
- BH2CO3
- CH2SO4
- DH2O2
19What happens to H2CO3?
- AIt dissociates to H+ and HCO3-
- BIt associates to H+ and HCO3-
- CIt dissociates to H- and HCO3+
- DIt associates to H2 and CO3-
20What is the effect of H+ in blood and why?
- AIncreases ph – blood more acidic
- BLowers pH– blood more alkaline
- CLowers pH – blood more acidic
- DIncreases pH – blood less alkaline
21What acts as buffers in the blood and what do buffers do and how?
- AGlucose/Hb – resist pH change by releasing H+
- BProteins/Hb – resist pH change by accepting/releasing H+
- CCO2/O2 – decrease pH change by accepting/releasing H+
- DProteins/RBCs – increase pH change by accepting/releasing H+
22Where are the pH changes and therefore extra H+ detected?
- ABy cardiovascular centre in medulla oblongata
- BBy thermoregulatory centre in hypothalamus
- CBy respiratory centre in hypothalamus
- DBy respiratory centre in medulla oblongata
23What response is carried out by body to alter pH change?
- AIncrease breathing rate – remove excess CO2
- BDecrease heart rate – remove excess CO2
- CIncrease heart rate – remove excess O2
- DIncrease breathing rate – inhale more CO2
24What are the symptoms of respiratory acidosis?
- AHaving extreme cravings for bananas and other 'peelable' fruit
- BMania
- CSlowed/difficulty breathing, headache, drowsiness, restlessness, tremor and confusion
- DSwelling in arms and legs
25What is respiratory acidosis caused by?
- AExcessive breathing
- BLung diseases e.g. emphysema, chronic bronchitis, asthma etc or blockage in airway from swelling, foreign object/vomit can induce it
- CStress
- DSmoking
26Why can’t the body store proteins/amino acids?
- AThey're too big
- BCarboxyl groups are toxic
- CAmino groups are toxic
- DThey're toxic
27However, why are amino acids wasteful to excrete?
- AAmino acids contain almost as much energy as carbs
- BAmino acids don't take as much space
- CAmino acids contain the most energy
- DAmino acids are produced in short supply
28What happens to amino acids and where?
- ATransported to kidneys – toxic amino group removed (detoxification)
- BTransported to liver – toxic amino group removed (deamination)
- CTransported to pancreas – toxic amino group added (deamination)
- DTransported to kidneys – toxic amino group removed (deamination)
29What does the amino acid group form and what happens to the product?
- AV. insoluble and highly toxic NH3 – converted to more toxic keto acid – used directly in resp or converted to carb/fat for storage
- BV. soluble NH3 – converted to less toxic keto acid – used directly in photosynthesis or converted to carb/fat for storage
- CV. soluble and highly toxic NH3 – converted to less toxic keto acid – used directly in resp or converted to carb/fat for storage
- DHighly toxic NH3 – converted to less toxic keto acid – used directly in resp or converted to protein/fat for source
30What is the deamination equation?
- AAmino acid + oxygen --> keto acid + ammonia
- BAmmonia + oxygen --> keto acid + amino acid
- CKeto acid + ammonia --> amino acid + oxygen
- DAmino acid + keto acid --> oxygen + ammonia
31What is the formation of urea equation?
- AUrea + CO2 --> ammonia + water
- BWater + CO2 --> urea + ammonia
- CAmmonia + O2 --> CO2 + water
- DAmmonia + CO2 --> urea + water
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- A-Level Biology (F214: Excretion) Quiz on Excretion, created by anndjan21 on 12/03/2016.
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