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Biological Molecules

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Check understanding of biological molecules and the processes by which they are assembled and disassembled
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which of the following terms best describes this molecule?
Image:
d23d9117-ffec-4579-8f92-69471618f24a (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • Amino Acid
  • Monosaccharide
  • Monomer
  • More than one of these terms is appropriate

Question 2

Question
What is the function of this molecule?
Image:
943b0321-2511-4590-aa94-22d35649a1f0 (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • It makes up the cell wall of plant cells.
  • It is the monomer of proteins.
  • It makes up cell membranes.
  • It is an energy source for cells.

Question 3

Question
Which of the following molecules are made of this type of monomer?
Image:
a8154aa2-f4eb-45a2-8efb-1a4592a65595 (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • Glycogen
  • Cellulose
  • Starch
  • All of these molecules are made of this type of monomer

Question 4

Question
What process is occurring in this image?
Image:
5d943c70-b044-43b4-a6a5-849a19d92aab (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • Digestion
  • Hydrolysis
  • Dehydration synthesis
  • Catalysis

Question 5

Question
In this image, a ________________________ is being produced through the process of _______________________________________.
Image:
9df25a20-81b0-461f-bb81-e775ff349ecc (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • Disaccharide ... dehydration synthesis
  • Disaccharide ... hydrolysis
  • Polysaccharide ... dehydration synthesis
  • Polysaccharide ... hydrolysis

Question 6

Question
What do these molecules have in common?
Image:
d229e915-883c-4d7b-9301-eb027f2fdac0 (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • They are all polysaccharides.
  • They all have the same function.
  • They all can be digested by humans and other animals.
  • All of these statements are true.

Question 7

Question
What do all lipids have in common?
Answer
  • They are all found in cell membranes.
  • They are all at least partially hydrophobic (nonpolar).
  • They all contain three hydrocarbon fatty acid chains.
  • All of these statements are true.

Question 8

Question
What is this molecule?
Image:
856b0ad9-72e6-4111-b762-b2064e25ff0b (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • A monosaccharide
  • A lipid
  • An amino acid
  • A protein

Question 9

Question
What is the difference between 'A' and 'B'?
Image:
3bd4f9fc-ff72-4699-a93b-e9ee23eee861 (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • 'A' would be found in a protein, but 'B' would not.
  • 'A' is a sugar and 'B' is an amino acid.
  • 'A' would be involved in secondary structure, and 'B' would be involved in tertiary structure.
  • 'A' would be involved in different tertiary structure interactions than 'B'.

Question 10

Question
Which level of protein structure is shown in this image?
Image:
a6a6952c-649c-4adf-8026-6840a8f87382 (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • Primary
  • Secondary
  • Tertiary
  • Quaternary

Question 11

Question
Why does a protein take on the shapes shown in this image?
Image:
7f26bb02-3b47-43a0-a926-9199a981c730 (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • Because it contains amino acids
  • Because nonadjacent R groups interact with each other
  • Because the backbone of the protein is polar
  • Because it looks fabulous

Question 12

Question
Which statement best explains why proteins can serve so many different functions?
Answer
  • They are soluble in water.
  • They vary in terms of chain length (i.e., the number of amino acids present).
  • They contain sulfur.
  • They have different shapes.

Question 13

Question
A mystery molecule contains nitrogen. What is the molecule most likely to be?
Answer
  • Cellulose
  • A steroid
  • A protein
  • A trigylceride

Question 14

Question
A mystery molecule is added to a test tube of water, and it floats to the top. What is the molecule most likely to be?
Answer
  • A triglyceride
  • Starch
  • Glucose
  • A protein

Question 15

Question
A mystery molecule quickly dissolves in water. It has a relatively low molecular weight (as compared to other biological molecules). What is the molecule most likely to be?
Answer
  • A protein
  • A steroid
  • A monosaccharide
  • Starch

Question 16

Question
The R group of the amino acid serine is highly polar. The R group of the amino acid leucine is highly nonpolar. Where would you expect to find these amino acids in a globular protein that is normally dissolved in water?
Answer
  • Both serine and leucine would be in the interior of the protein.
  • Both serine and leucine would be on the exterior of the protein.
  • Leucine would be on the interior, and serine would be on the exterior of the protein.
  • Serine would be on the interior, and leucine would be on the exterior of the protein.

Question 17

Question
Which of the following is NOT a monomer?
Answer
  • Amino acid
  • Monosaccharide
  • Steroid
  • All of these are monomers

Question 18

Question
Figure 1 illustrates a dipeptide, created through dehydration synthesis. At which bond would water need to be added to achieve hydrolysis of the peptide, back to its component amino acids?
Image:
65d8b2ef-51bd-4657-a315-11b2594d9804 (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • Bond A
  • Bond B
  • Bond C
  • Bond D

Question 19

Question
The functionality of a protein is determined by its shape when in its native conformation. The native conformation of a protein is determined by the set of amino acids that comprise the protein's sequence. A certain protein consists of 325 amino acids. What could be the result if one of the amino acids in this protein were changed?
Answer
  • The primary structure of the protein would not be altered but its tertiary structure and function would be altered.
  • The tertiary structure would be changed but the protein's function would not be affected.
  • The primary structure, tertiary structure, and the biological function would be altered.
  • There would be no change to the structure or the function of the protein.

Question 20

Question
Which statement is true of the process shown in this image?
Image:
fc1f2841-2898-4aa3-89b8-9faf5d7415fa (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • A polymer is generated.
  • Hydrolysis is occurring.
  • A peptide bond is broken in the process.
  • More than one of these statements is true.
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