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viruses
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1has DNA or RNA, matrix proteins, and enzymes in some: [blank_start]core[blank_end]
- Acore
2[blank_start]capsid[blank_end]: the protein coat made of identical protein subunit [blank_start]capsomeres[blank_end], if this is the outside layer it is a [blank_start]naked[blank_end] [blank_start]virus[blank_end]
- Acapsid
- Bcapsomeres
- Cnaked
- Dvirus
3[blank_start]envelope[blank_end]: phospholipid membrane taken from host, has [blank_start]spikes[blank_end] made of [blank_start]glycoprotein[blank_end] for attachment of virus to host, easy to disable use something like [blank_start]soap[blank_end] that can [blank_start]dissolve[blank_end] [blank_start]phospholipids[blank_end]
- Aenvelope
- Bspikes
- Cglycoprotein
- Dsoap
- Edissolve
- Fphospholipids
4single infective particle in environment [blank_start]virion[blank_end]
- Avirion
5forms a cylinder looks like long threads [blank_start]helical[blank_end] [blank_start]virus[blank_end]
- Ahelical
- Bvirus
620 sided with 12 corners [blank_start]icosahedral[blank_end]
- Aicosahedral
7atypical, example poxvirus lacks typical capsid and is covered by dense layer of [blank_start]lipoproteins[blank_end], a [blank_start]complex[blank_end] [blank_start]capsid[blank_end] is a characteristic of viruses that infect bacteria
- Alipoproteins
- Bcomplex
- Ccapsid
8[blank_start]lytic[blank_end]: active viral infection in which virus reproduced within the host, first it [blank_start]attaches[blank_end] then it [blank_start]uncoats[blank_end] and the genes [blank_start]penetrate[blank_end], then is [blank_start]synthesizes[blank_end] [blank_start]viral[blank_end] genes & proteins, then [blank_start]assembles[blank_end] them and [blank_start]lysis[blank_end] occurs
- Alytic
- Battaches
- Cuncoats
- Dpenetrate
- Esynthesizes
- Fviral
- Gassembles
- Hlysis
9a [blank_start]bacteriophage[blank_end]: has a polyhedral nucleocapsid, helical tail fibers, pins and attachment fibers for [blank_start]adsorption[blank_end], it infects bacteria by [blank_start]injecting[blank_end] [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] through its [blank_start]sheath[blank_end] into host cell
- Abacteriophage
- Badsorption
- Cinjecting
- DDNA
- Esheath
10[blank_start]prophage[blank_end]: inactive stage of special [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] virus that is not replicated or released immediately, instead inserted into host [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] and retained and copied during normal cell division and new cell will have [blank_start]phage[blank_end] [blank_start]DNA[blank_end]
- Aprophage
- BDNA
- CDNA
- Dphage
- EDNA
11[blank_start]lysogenic[blank_end]: type of viral infection which is hidden within the [blank_start]host[blank_end] [blank_start]DNA[blank_end]. in bacteriophages [blank_start]lysogeny[blank_end] results in newly infected bacteria that have [blank_start]virulence[blank_end] [blank_start]factors[blank_end].
- Alysogenic
- Bhost
- CDNA
- Dlysogeny
- Evirulence
- Ffactors
12[blank_start]latency[blank_end]: DNA of virus or DNA made by virus hides inside host DNA and is waiting for host immunity to weaken. once it is weak it will become [blank_start]lytic[blank_end]. it can express genes in host, alter DNA with an [blank_start]oncogene[blank_end] and cancer causing virus
- Alatency
- Blytic
- Concogene
13[blank_start]provirus[blank_end]: virus which is inactive but inserted into host DNA, every time host replicates it replicates viral DNA and expresses some genes in new host (make host immune to new viral infection, make [blank_start]toxin[blank_end], become [blank_start]oncovirus[blank_end])
- Aprovirus
- Btoxin
- Concovirus
14effect of [blank_start]lysogeny[blank_end] on human host cell, virus transmits [blank_start]oncogene[blank_end] which can cause cancer for example [blank_start]HPV[blank_end] can cause [blank_start]cervical[blank_end] cancer
- Alysogeny
- Boncogene
- CHPV
- Dcervical
15most DNA viruses are [blank_start]double[blank_end] [blank_start]stranded[blank_end] (ex: herpes, pox, bacteriophages) few are [blank_start]single[blank_end] [blank_start]stranded[blank_end] (parvovirus) they must enter the nucleus to replicate and transcribe
- Adouble
- Bstranded
- Csingle
- Dstranded
16double stranded RNA virus: [blank_start]rotavirus[blank_end]
- Arotavirus
17[blank_start]plus[blank_end] stranded RNA acts as [blank_start]mRNA[blank_end] and can immediately be translated to form proteins such as capsid, enzymes, RNA polymerase
- Aplus
- BmRNA
18[blank_start]minus[blank_end] stranded RNA must carry a working copy of [blank_start]RNA[blank_end] [blank_start]polymerase[blank_end] to make a [blank_start]complementary[blank_end] [blank_start]strand[blank_end] of RNA which then act as [blank_start]mRNA[blank_end]
- Aminus
- BRNA
- Cpolymerase
- Dcomplementary
- Estrand
- FmRNA
19[blank_start]retrovirus[blank_end]: DNA is formed from RNA of HIV virus - carries [blank_start]reverse[blank_end] [blank_start]transcriptase[blank_end] takes RNA and makes DNA, DNA inserts itself in host DNA and can be a latent proviral infection ([blank_start]kaposis[blank_end] [blank_start]sarcoma[blank_end] HHV 8 for example)
- Aretrovirus
- Breverse
- Ctranscriptase
- Dkaposis
- Esarcoma
20[blank_start]prions[blank_end] are made of misfolded proteins and modify host proteins. ex: mad cow disease, extremely resistant to usual sterilization techniques, cause spongiform encephalopathies
- Aprions
21poxvirus, herpesviruses, and hepadnaviruses have a [blank_start]double[blank_end] [blank_start]stranded[blank_end] genome and are [blank_start]enveloped[blank_end] [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] viruses
- Adouble
- Bstranded
- Cenveloped
- DDNA
22[blank_start]smallpox[blank_end] aka variola is a [blank_start]poxvirus[blank_end] that was eradicated by vaccination, is a [blank_start]double[blank_end] stranded [blank_start]enveloped[blank_end] [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] virus
- Asmallpox
- Bpoxvirus
- Cdouble
- Denveloped
- EDNA
23herpesviruses are large, have an [blank_start]envelope[blank_end], [blank_start]icosahedral[blank_end] capsid, [blank_start]double[blank_end] stranded [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] virus that replicates within the [blank_start]nucleus[blank_end] of the host
- Aenvelope
- Bicosahedral
- Cdouble
- DDNA
- Enucleus
24HSV [blank_start]2[blank_end] causes STD and [blank_start]genital[blank_end] [blank_start]herpes[blank_end], HSV [blank_start]1[blank_end] causes [blank_start]cold[blank_end] [blank_start]sores[blank_end] and fluid filled fever blisters, can infect newborn, both transmitted through [blank_start]direct[blank_end] [blank_start]contact[blank_end]
- A2
- Bgenital
- Cherpes
- D1
- Ecold
- Fsores
- Gdirect
- Hcontact
25HHV [blank_start]3[blank_end] also called [blank_start]varicella[blank_end] ([blank_start]chicken[blank_end] [blank_start]pox[blank_end]) [blank_start]zoster[blank_end] ([blank_start]shingles[blank_end]) virus is transmitted by respiratory droplets, causes pus filled vesicles and can remain [blank_start]latent[blank_end] in the dorsal root ganglia. Reactivation releases viruses that move along peripheral nerves to skin and cause [blank_start]shingles[blank_end]
- A3
- Bvaricella
- Cchicken
- Dpox
- Ezoster
- Fshingles
- Glatent
- Hshingles
26HHV [blank_start]4[blank_end] causes the very common adolescent virus [blank_start]epstein[blank_end] barr, can cause mononucleosis
- A4
- Bepstein
27[blank_start]cytomegalovirus[blank_end] (CMV) occurs in newborns transplant patients and HIV patients, produces giant cells with inclusions, is transmitted in [blank_start]fluid[blank_end] [blank_start]secretions[blank_end]
- Acytomegalovirus
- Bfluid
- Csecretions
28HHV 6 causes [blank_start]roseola[blank_end], a common disease with high fever and rash in babies and young children
- Aroseola
29HHV [blank_start]8[blank_end] causes [blank_start]kaposi's[blank_end] [blank_start]sarcoma[blank_end], a type of cancer prevalent among HIV patients. virus usually [blank_start]latent[blank_end] but weakened immune system like advanced HIV leads to this cancer with purple lesions on skin or inside mouth
- A8
- Bkaposi's
- Csarcoma
- Dlatent
30[blank_start]hepatitis[blank_end] is inflammatory disease of liver cells that can result from several viruses, interferes with livers excretion of bile pigments [blank_start]bilirubin[blank_end] accumulates in blood causing [blank_start]jaundice[blank_end]
- Ahepatitis
- Bbilirubin
- Cjaundice
31the DNA hepatitis virus, [blank_start]double[blank_end] stranded, contagious [blank_start]liver[blank_end] infection, vaccine available, transmitted by body fuilds sex blood shared needles infected mother to baby occupational contact in healthcare, chronic, increases risk of liver cancer: [blank_start]hepatitis[blank_end] [blank_start]B[blank_end]
- Adouble
- Bliver
- Chepatitis
- DB
32[blank_start]naked[blank_end] [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] viruses: papillomaviruses and parvovirus
- Anaked
- BDNA
3370 diff types of [blank_start]HPV[blank_end], transmitted through sex, some cause genital warts, some cause [blank_start]cervical[blank_end] cancer, can be [blank_start]latent[blank_end]- most patients asymptomatic but can tansmit, cause [blank_start]plantar[blank_end] warts invades body through cuts or breaks on skin ([blank_start]virions[blank_end] on contaminated floors of public locker rooms showers swimming pools)
- AHPV
- Bcervical
- Clatent
- Dplantar
- Evirions
34HPV is linked to [blank_start]cervical[blank_end] cancer, an activated [blank_start]oncogene[blank_end] picked up by the virus turns a normal cell into a cancer cell when genetic material of [blank_start]oncogenic[blank_end] virus integrates into host DNA
- Acervical
- Boncogene
- Concogenic
35[blank_start]parvovirus[blank_end] causes [blank_start]5th[blank_end] [blank_start]disease[blank_end] in humans, mild rash most common in children or [blank_start]parvovirus[blank_end] in canines which can be prevented with [blank_start]vaccine[blank_end]
- A5th
- Bdisease
- Cparvovirus
- Dparvovirus
- Evaccine
36newly identified conditions that are being reported in increasing numbers, viruses which usually mutate from animal hosts to infect humans are called [blank_start]emerging[blank_end] [blank_start]viral[blank_end] [blank_start]illnesses[blank_end]. examples: [blank_start]bird[blank_end] flu ([blank_start]avian[blank_end] influenza), [blank_start]ebola[blank_end] fever, [blank_start]lyme[blank_end] disease, [blank_start]swine[blank_end] flu
- Aemerging
- Bviral
- Cillnesses
- Dbird
- Eavian
- Febola
- Glyme
- Hswine
37enveloped single stranded RNA viruses: [blank_start]orthomyxo[blank_end] viruses (influenza) and [blank_start]bunya[blank_end] viruses (hantavirus)
- Aorthomyxo
- Bbunya
38[blank_start]orthomyxo[blank_end] viruses have [blank_start]single[blank_end] stranded RNA inside [blank_start]capsid[blank_end], with a spherical [blank_start]envelope[blank_end] that has [blank_start]spikes[blank_end]. there are 3 influenza types: A (causes most infections) B and C. Example: avian flu, swine flu
- Aorthomyxo
- Bsingle
- Ccapsid
- Denvelope
- Espikes
39[blank_start]paramyxo[blank_end] viruses include: 1. [blank_start]mumps[blank_end] characterized by salivary gland enlargement, fever, may cause deafness testes inflammation & meningitis 2. [blank_start]measles[blank_end] aka [blank_start]rubeola[blank_end], transmission is respiratory, rash and koplick's spots are seen
can be prevented by MMR vaccination- Aparamyxo
- Bmumps
- Cmeasles
- Drubeola
40[blank_start]rhabdovirus[blank_end] aka [blank_start]rabies[blank_end] is a [blank_start]picoRNA[blank_end] virus, a [blank_start]negative[blank_end] strand virus with a bullet shape transmission animal bite inoculates wounds
- Arhabdovirus
- Brabies
- CpicoRNA
- Dnegative
41ebola is a [blank_start]filovirus[blank_end]. it is a [blank_start]single[blank_end] stranded [blank_start]minus[blank_end] sense [blank_start]RNA[blank_end] virus that causes fevers which can be mild to fatal. it is an [blank_start]emerging[blank_end] [blank_start]infection[blank_end] that only recently entered human ecology and is becoming increasingly common as populations grow and climates warm
- Afilovirus
- Bsingle
- Cminus
- DRNA
- Eemerging
- Finfection
42rubella is a [blank_start]togavirus[blank_end] which is a [blank_start]singled[blank_end] stranded [blank_start]plus[blank_end] sense RNA virus. it is transmitted by [blank_start]respiratory[blank_end] [blank_start]droplets[blank_end] and is devastating to fetus if mother is infected during prgenancy, during 1st trimester can induce miscarriage and defects
- Atogavirus
- Bsingled
- Cplus
- Drespiratory
- Edroplets
43yellow fever, dengue fever, and west nile are examples of [blank_start]flaviviruses[blank_end]. they are [blank_start]single[blank_end] stranded [blank_start]plus[blank_end] sense RNA viruses. west nile causes deadly [blank_start]encephalitis[blank_end]. yellow fever RNA viruses have an [blank_start]evelope[blank_end]
- Aflaviviruses
- Bsingle
- Cplus
- Dencephalitis
- Eevelope
44hepatitis [blank_start]C[blank_end] is a [blank_start]single[blank_end] stranded RNA [blank_start]flavivirus[blank_end]. it is [blank_start]single[blank_end] stranded [blank_start]plus[blank_end] sense. it is transmitted by blood to blood products such as [blank_start]transfusions[blank_end] or [blank_start]IV[blank_end] drugs. chronic infection causes cirrhosis, liver failure, liver transplant, interferon may treat
- AC
- Bsingle
- Csingle
- Dplus
- Eflavivirus
- Ftransfusions
- GIV
45SARS aka [blank_start]coronavirus[blank_end] is a severe acute respiratory syndrome that originated in [blank_start]china[blank_end], it is [blank_start]single[blank_end] stranded [blank_start]plus[blank_end] sense RNA virus
- Acoronavirus
- Bsingle
- Cchina
- Dplus
46HIV is a [blank_start]single[blank_end] stranded [blank_start]plus[blank_end] sense [blank_start]RNA[blank_end] virus that is also known as a [blank_start]retrovirus[blank_end] because is has the enzyme [blank_start]reverse[blank_end] [blank_start]transcriptase[blank_end] that makes [blank_start]double[blank_end] stranded [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] from [blank_start]RNA[blank_end]. It has an outer envelope from the host [blank_start]membrane[blank_end] with proteins, a capsid, and two molecules of RNA
- Asingle
- Bplus
- CRNA
- Dretrovirus
- Ereverse
- Ftranscriptase
- Gdouble
- HDNA
- IRNA
- Jmembrane
47a diagnosis of AIDS is made when a person is [blank_start]positive[blank_end] for the [blank_start]virus[blank_end] and fill one additional criteria: low [blank_start]CD4[blank_end] count, one or more of [blank_start]AIDS[blank_end] [blank_start]defining[blank_end] illnesses
- Apositive
- Bvirus
- CCD4
- DAIDS
- Edefining
48monogamous sexual relationships, condoms, and universal precautions are methods to [blank_start]prevent[blank_end] [blank_start]HIV[blank_end]
- Aprevent
- BHIV
49therapies slow down the progress and diminish symptoms of HIV by 1. inhibition of viral [blank_start]enzymes[blank_end] such as [blank_start]reverse[blank_end] [blank_start]transcriptase[blank_end], protease, [blank_start]intergase[blank_end] 2. inhibition of [blank_start]fusion[blank_end] of virus 3. inhibition of viral [blank_start]integration[blank_end] 4. highly active anti retroviral therapy
- Aenzymes
- Breverse
- Ctranscriptase
- Dintergase
- Efusion
- Fintegration
50another retrovirus is HTLV or [blank_start]human[blank_end] [blank_start]t[blank_end] [blank_start]cell[blank_end] [blank_start]leukemia[blank_end] virus which is seriously implicated in lymphoma
- Ahuman
- Bt
- Ccell
- Dleukemia
51[blank_start]pico[blank_end] [blank_start]RNA[blank_end] viruses are small, [blank_start]non[blank_end] [blank_start]enveloped[blank_end], [blank_start]single[blank_end] stranded RNA viruses
- Apico
- BRNA
- Cnon
- Denveloped
- Esingle
52picoRNA [blank_start]enteroviruses[blank_end]: 1. [blank_start]polio[blank_end] spread by respiratory droplets can result in severely debilitating paralysis, vaccines have nearly eradicated it 2. [blank_start]coxsackie[blank_end] virus associated with human hand foot and mouth disease 3. [blank_start]hepatitis[blank_end] [blank_start]A[blank_end] a highly contagious liver infection preventable by vaccine
- Apolio
- Benteroviruses
- Ccoxsackie
- Dhepatitis
- EA
53the most common cause of colds (runny nose blocked sinus headache cough) is [blank_start]rhinovirus[blank_end] which is a type of [blank_start]pico[blank_end] RNA virus
- Arhinovirus
- Bpico
54a [blank_start]pico[blank_end] RNA virus that causes brain & heart infections: [blank_start]cardiovirus[blank_end]
- Acardiovirus
- Bpico
55[blank_start]non[blank_end] enveloped [blank_start]double[blank_end] stranded RNA viruses: 1. [blank_start]reovirus[blank_end], coldlike upper respiratory infection + enteritis 2. [blank_start]rotavirus[blank_end], oral fecal primary cause of morbidity and mortality resulting from diarrhea in infants and children
- Anon
- Bdouble
- Creovirus
- Drotavirus
56infectious protein particles that are highly resistant to chemicals radiation and heat are [blank_start]prions[blank_end] they cause neurodegenerative diseases that kill brain cells, known as [blank_start]spongiform[blank_end] [blank_start]encephalopathis[blank_end]
- Aprions
- Bspongiform
- Cencephalopathis
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- Description
- Quiz on viruses, created by Meagan Mueller on 22/12/2016.
- Author
- Meagan Mueller
- Language
- English
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