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Section 3 Clicker Questions
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Questions in this quiz (50)
1Which of the following statements about the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate is correct?
- AIt is catalyzed by a kinase and has a large positive delta-G
- BIt is catalyzed by a kinase and has a large negative delta-G.
- CIt is catalyzed by an isomerase and has a large positive delta-G.
- DIt is catalyzed by an isomerase and has a large negative delta-G.
2In what conditions will the non-oxidative phase of the pnetose phosphate pathway proceed?
- AWhen the body needs pentose sugars for rapidly dividing cells involved in wound repair.
- BIn starvation conditions when cells need to synthesize fats.
- CIn a well-fed state when cells need to synthesize fat.
3If fats are not substrates in gluconeogenesis, what role do they play in the process?
- AThe play no role.
- BNADH produced during B-oxidation of fatty acids provides reducing power
- CATP produced using B-oxidation breakdown products provides energy
- DB and C
4In what conditions will gluconeogenesis occur?
- ADuring rigorous and long periods of exercise
- BDuring periods of hypoglycemia
- CDuring starvation
- DAll of the above
5In liver cells, when F26BP cellular levels are low, which of the following is correct?
- ARate of glycolysis increases
- BRate of gluconeogenesis increases
- CRate of both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis increase
- DRate of both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis decrease
6What other amino acids can be phosphorylated?
- ATyrosine and glutamine
- BTyrosine and threonine
- CThreonine and lysine
- DThreonine and arginine
7If glucose-1-phosphate enters glycolysis, what is the NET ATP yield?
- A1 molecule
- B2 molecules
- C3 molecules
- D4 molecules
8Liver-specific gluce 6-phosphatase knockout mice are generated. What symptoms will these mice exhibit and why?
- AHigh blood sugar; the liver will transport more glucose into the blood.
- BHigh blood sugar; muscles will transport more glucose into the blood.
- CLow blood sugar; the liver will use glucose 6-phosphate for glycolysis.
9Which moelcuel is responsible for directly inactivating glyogen phosphoylase?
- AInsulin
- BGlucagon
- CPhosphorylase kinase
- DPhosphorylase phosphatase
10What enzyme is affected by a thiamine deficiency and in what phase of the pentose phosphate pathway does it work in?
- AGlutathione reductase; oxidative
- BGlutathione reductase; nonoxidative
- CTransketolase; oxidative
- DTransketolase; nonoxidative
11Why do people with glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficincy need to be monitored when taking prescription drugs?
- AThey have less NADPH to reduce glutathione.
- BThe have less NADPH to oxidize glutathione.
- CThey are more efficient at repairing oxidative damage.
- DNone of the above.
12What are intermediates and/or byproducts of the nonoxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway used for?
- ATo generate ATP via glycolyssi, the TCA and the ETC.
- BAs reducing power for the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids.
- CAs precursors for DNA synthesis.
- DAs reducing power for glutathione reductase.
13Why does insulin secretion require calcium?
- AThe binding of calcium to insulin promotes its packaging into vesicles.
- BProteins that aid in vesicle fusion are calcium-dependent.
- CNone of the above.
14Which molecule directly inhibits glycogen phosphorylase?
- APhosphorylase kinase
- BInsulin
- CGlucose
- DEpinephrine
15The prevalence of Type I Diabetes is on the rise.
- ATrue
- BFalse
16People of normal weight can develop Type II Diabetes.
- ATrue
- BFalse
17Where would the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway prevail?
- AIn a non-dividing cell
- BIn adipose cells
- CAll of the above
18What enzyme removes one glucose monomer from a non-reducing end of a glycogen molecule?
- ADebranching enzyme
- BGlycogen phosphorylase
- CPhosphorylase kinase
- DGlycogen synthase
19What enzyme converts glucose 1-phosphate to glucose 6-phosphate?
- AGlycogen phosphorylase
- BHexokinase
- CPhosphoglucomutase
- DGlucose 6-phosphatase
20People with a deficiency in glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase can develop hemolytic anemia in the presence of oxidative damage. Why are other cell types not affected by this deficiency to the same extent that red blood cells are?
- AOxidative damage only occurs in red blood cells.
- BOther cell types express enzymes other than G6PD that can produce NADPH.
- CRed blood cells are the only cells that express glutathione.
- DNone of the above.
21Excess glucose is converted to fatty acids and stored as lipids.
- ATrue
- BFalse
22Why does insulin stimulate fatty acid and triacylglycerol synthesis?
- AIn the presence of insulin the cell makes enough energy from the glucose that was transported in through GLUT4.
- BIn the presence of insulin the cell makes enough energy through the breakdown of glycogen.
- CBoth of the above.
23When pyruvate is the starting material for gluconeogenesis, why is malate converted to oxaloacetate in the cytoplasm?
- AThere is no enzyme localized in the mitochondria that can convert oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP).
- BThere is no transporter for oxaloacetate in the mitochondrial membranes.
- CConverting malate to oxaloacetate replenishes cytoplasmic NADH which is needed for a later step in gluconeogenesis.
- DB and C
24For each molecule of B-hydroxybutyrate, how many NADH and FADH molecules are made in the TCA cycle respectively?
- A3, 1
- B6, 2
- C0
25In untreated type I diabetes, the levels of malonyl-CoA:
- Aincrease
- Bdecrease
- Cremain the same
26Which of the following statements about SUR/Kir6.2 potassium channels expressed in pancreatic beta cells is true?
- AThe cell becomes depolarized when the channels are closed.
- BATP closes the channels
- CBoth of the above
27Which of the following proteins does insulin not upregulate?
- AGLUT 4
- BGlycogen synthase
- CGlycogen phosphorylase
- DAcetyl-CoA carboxylase
28Which are the starting materials to synthesize phosphatidic acid?
- AA glycolysis intermediate & glycerol
- BA glycolysis intermediate & sphingosine
- CTriacylglycerol
- DGlycerophospholipid
29Which moelcule does HMG-CoA reductase directly produce?
- ASqualene
- BCholesterol
- CDelta3-Isopentenyl pyrophosphate
- DMelavonate
30In which cell type does insulin increase lipoprotein lipase activity?
- AHeart
- BMuscle
- CAdipose
- DNone - lipoprotein lipase induces triacylglycerol breakdown
31Cholesterol is a precursor for which molecule?
- AAldosterone
- BVitamin K
- CQuinone electron carriers
- DCartoenoids
32Which of the following statements is correct?
- APhosphatidic acid contains a phosphate group while triacylglycerol does not.
- BPhsophatidic acid contains two fatty acid chains while triaclglycerol contains three.
- CPhsophatidic acid has a glycerol backbone.
- DAll of the above.
33What type of receptor is the insulin receptor?
- AIntegrin
- BG protein-coupled receptor
- CReceptor tyrosine kinase
- DNuclear receptor
- ELigand-gated ion channel
34Which of the following is true regarding protein kinase C (PKC)?
- AIt phosphorylates other proteins
- BThe release of intracellular calcium stimulates its activity
- CIt is activated by diaclglycerol (DAG)
- DOnly two of the above
- EAll of the above
35Which hormones are typically faster acting?
- APeptide hormones
- BSteroid hormones
36How does phosphofructonkinase-2 increase glycolysis?
- AIt inhibits the production of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
- BIt directly stimulates phosphofructokinase-1 activity
- CIt promotes the formation of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
- DPhsophofructokinase-2 does not increase glycolysis
37In red blood cells, what enzyme is used to reduce NADP+?
- AGlucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
- BMalic enzyme
- CBoth above
38How does glucose regulate glycogen phsophorylase?
- AIt doesn't
- BIt stimulates phosphorylase kinase
- CIt stimulates phosphorylase phosphatase
- DAllosterically
39Which enzyme does glucagon not stimulate?
- AGlycogen phosphorylase
- BProtein Kinase A (PKA)
- CAcetyl-CoA carboxylase
- DAll of the above
40Alanine can be used in gluconeogenesis.
- ATrue
- BFalse
41Which of the following is a precursor for 3-phosphoglycerate?
- AGlucose 1-phosphate
- BGlucose 6-phosphate
- CPyruvate
- DAll of the above
42In what pathway is succinyl-CoA produced?
- AFatty acid synthesis
- BGlycolysis
- CCitric acid cycle
- DPentose phosphate pathway
43Which of the following statements is incorrect?
- ATamoxifen binds to a steroid hormone
- BGlut4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase
- CProtein kinase C (PKC) can be activated by DAG and calcium
- DLipids can behave as second messengers
44Which enzyme would sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) least likely induce transcriptionally?
- AHMG-CoA reductase
- BAcetyl-CoA carboxylase
- CFatty acid synthase
- DLactate dehydrogenase
45Which molecule is aspartate directly derived from?
- AOxaloacetate
- BMalate
- Ca-ketoglutarate
- DPyruvate
46When/where would a deficiency in nucleotides be more problematic?
- AIn terminally-differentiated cells
- BDuring wound repair
47All ketone bodies are used by the brain as fuel.
- ATrue
- BFalse
48Which enzyme in the previous pathway does glucose allosterically regulate?
- AProtein Kinase A (PKA)
- BPhosphorylase kinase
- CGlycogen phosphorylase
- DNone of the above
49Which of the following either directly or indirectly increases PFK-1 activity?
- AFructose 2,6-bisphosphate
- BPFK-2
- CFructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
- DA and B
- EAll of the above
50Scientists have identified human polymorphisms in the leptin receptor that appear to correlate with obesity.
- ATrue
- BFalse
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- Undergraduate Biochemistry 501 (Section 3) Quiz on Section 3 Clicker Questions, created by taweis on 10/04/2014.
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