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natural disaster test final
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Questions in this quiz (46)
1One of the fundamental principles in the study of natural disasters is that a(n) (blank) in population will intensify the effects of a hazard.
- Aincrease
- Bdecrease
2For the purpose of this class, which term below is defined as "any natural process that poses a threat to human life or property"?
- Ahazard
- Bcatastrophe
- Cprocess
- Ddisaster
3There are areas on the earth's surface that can be considered hazard free.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4Overall, the cost of damages from most natural hazards in the US is (blank), while the number of deaths from these hazards is (blank).
- Aincreasing/decseasing
- Bdecreasing/increasing
5The geologic cycle has several sub-cycles. Of these sub-cycles, which one involves the creation and destruction of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks?
- Atectonic sub-cycle
- Brock sub-cycle
- Chydrologic sub-cycle
- Dbiogeochemical sub-cycle
6Tectonic plates are never made up of both oceanic crust and continental crust.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7(Blank) plate boundaries occur where plates are moving toward each other and lithosphere is being destroyed.
- AConvergent
- BConstructive
- CTransform
- DDivergent
8Regarding earthquakes, the (blank) is the point on earth's surface directly above the point of initial rupture.
- Afocus
- Bfault scarp
- Cepicenter
- Dintensity
9The Moment Magnitude scale is logarithmic, which means as you increase from one integer to the next (for example, from a M5 to a M6), there is [blank_start]10[blank_end] times the displacement and [blank_start]32[blank_end] times the energy released.
- A10
- B32
10Which of the options below is NOT a contributing factor to the intensity of an earthquake?
- Adepth of focus
- Blocal earth materials
- Cmagnitude
- Dtime passed since last rupture
- Elocal building codes
- Fdistance from populated areas
11The Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale has 12 categories, each assigned a Roman numeral, and is based on (blank) , and the extent of damage to buildings and other man-made structures.
- Asize of area rupture
- Brigidity of rocks near focus
- Camount of movement along rupture
- Dhow people perceive the shaking
12Which of Earth's internal layers behaves as a liquid?
- Aasthenosphere
- Blithosphere
- Cmesosphere
- Douter core
13The type of fault which moves mainly in a horizontal direction is a:
- Astrike-slip fault
- Bdip-slip fault
14Forces which cause the "squeezing" of crustal rocks are called (blank).
- Acompressional forces
- Bshear forces
- Camplification forces
- Dtensional forces
15The fastest moving seismic body waves, which can move through solids, liquids, and gases are known as:
- AS waves
- BF waves
- Csurface waves
- DP waves
16As seismic waves move through different kinds of soil deposits, they can be slowed down. When they are, the energy that was once directed forward is transferred to the vertical motion of the surface waves. This effect is known as:
- Amaterial amplification
- Battenuation
- Cdirectivity
- Delastic rebound
17INTRAPLATE earthquakes in the US are generally more damaging and felt over much larger area than similar magnitude earthquakes in California. This is because the rocks in the eastern US are generally more solid and less fractured & they can more efficiently transmit earthquake waves.
- ATrue
- BFalse
18During earthquakes (usually M5 or greater) intense shaking can cause a near surface layer to water-saturated sand to change rapidly from a solid to a liquid. This phenomenon is called:
- Aliquefacation
- Bmaterial amplifacation
- Cfluid attenuation
- Dsubduction
19When earthquakes are very deep in the lithosphere, much of the energy can dissipate before the vibrations are felt at the surface.
- ATrue
- BFalse
20Most tsunamis are produced by the sudden HORIZONTAL displacement of the ocean floor.
- ATrue
- BFalse
21Of the hazards listed below, which one will NOT trigger a tsunami?
- AVolcanic eruption/collapse
- BM 7.5 or greater earthquake
- Cimpact of an extraterrestrial object
- Dhuman -induced climate change
22Tsunami can be just one wave, but are usually a series of waves that arrive at the coastline over a period of hours.
- ATrue
- BFalse
23In the open ocean, tsunamis travel at about (blank) miles per hour.
- A28
- B130
- C450
- D1000+
24Locations which are at greater risk from tsunamis are in proximity to a major (blank), or are across the ocean basin from one of these.
- Ahot spot
- Btransform plate boundary
- Carea of sea floor spreading
- Dsubduction zone
25A tsunami detection and warning system has three components. Which of the items listed below is NOT one of these components?
- Arunup maps
- Btsunameters & buoys
- Cautomatic tidal gauges
- Dnetwork of seismographs
26Regarding volcanoes, 2/3rds of all volcanoes are located in the:
- AIndian Ocean
- BAtlantic Ocean
- CPacific Ocean
- DArctic Ocean
27Regarding magma, the lower the gas content, the (blank) the explosivity.
- Alower
- Bhigher
28"Magma" and "Lava" are interchangeable terms for the exact same volcanic material.
- ATrue
- BFalse
29Hot spots in the middle of the oceanic crust form which type of volcano?
- ASheilds
- BComposites
- CCalderas/super volcanoes
- Dcinder cones
30Ash, rock, volcanic glass fragments and gas, which can exceed 2000* F & can move up to 250 mph down the sides of a volcano is known as a(n):
- Alahar
- Blateral blast
- Cpyroclastic flow
- Dboth a & c
31A magma type which has a very high silica content, a very high viscosity, and a very high gas content is called a(n) (blank) magma.
- Arhyolitic
- Bbasaltic
- Candesitic
- Dmagma chamber
32It cannot flood in the Sahara Desert.
- ATrue
- BFalse
33Which of the items below is NOT related to potential river flooding?
- Athe size of the drainage basin or watershed
- Bthe amount & distribution of precipitation in the drainage basin
- Crate at which the precipitation soaks into the ground
- Dhow quickly surface runoff reaches the river
34Which type of River Load consists of material that is visible, floats in the water & does not need to come in contact with the bed of the river channel?
- Abedload
- Bdissolved load
- Cdischarged load
- Dsuspended load
35The (blank) is the lowest elevation to which a river may cut.
- Acut bank level
- Berodible flood level
- Cdischarge level
- Dbase level
36Water moves fastest along the (blank) of a stream meander, there-by increasing erosion and causing the meander to migrate laterally.
- Amiddle
- Binside
- Cbottom
- Doutside
37Which of the following terms is defined as: a metal wire basket filled with gravel or rocks and is used to prevent erosion along a river bank.
- Arip rap
- Bfloodwall
- Cchannelized flow
- Dgabion
38A "100 year flood" is a flood that has a (blank) % chance of occurring in any given year
- A100%
- B10%
- C5%
- D1%
39Regarding Mass Wasting, when the driving forces of a slope are greater than the resisting forces, the slope is considered:
- Astable
- Bunstable
40Which type of rock is "formed from molten material"?
- Aigneous
- Bcreep
- Cmetamorphic
- Dsedimentary
41Regarding plate tectonics, which of the following is NOT one of the internal "compositional layers" (ie "what's it made of")?
- Acrust
- Basthenosphere
- Cmantle
- Dcore
42Which of the following is/are geologic features found at a "continent to continent convergent" plate boundary?
- Adeep sea trench
- Bsubduction
- Cvolcanoes
- Dmassive mountain building
- Eall of the above are found there
- Fnone of the above are found there
43The damage from an earthquake depends on a combination of factors. Which of the following is NOT one of these factors?
- Adepth of focus
- Bmagnitude
- Cnature of earth material
- Dthe angle of the scarp
- Edistance from a population center
- Fwhere and how human structures are built
44Knowledge of historic hazardous events is vital to our understanding of today's hazards.
- ATrue
- BFalse
45A (blank) fault is defined as "the hanging wall moves UP relative to the footwall".
- Anatural
- Breverse
- Cnormal
- Dblind
46A tsunami "(blank)" is issued when a tsunami has been detected and is spreading across the ocean toward their area.
- Awatch
- Bwarning
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- natural disasters Quiz on natural disaster test final, created by Andrea Rasmussen on 28/02/2017.
- Author
- Andrea Rasmussen
- Language
- English
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