3.MEDIEVAL CITIES - created from Mind Map

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AGRICULTURE AND POPULATION.

DEVELOPMENT PF TRADE AND BANKING

CAUSES OF URBAN GROWTH

INHABITANTS

CRAFTSMEN

GUILDS

TRADES

THE GROWTH OF ROYAL AUTHORITY

THE CREATIONS OF PARLIAMENTS

CONFLICTS BETWEEN EUROPEAN KINGDOMS

New land was created

Crop rotation was establish

Mouldboard plough more efficiently

Irrigation + & New crops

Better wind & water mills

Food productions and population increase

2 ROUTES

Banking trade changed.

MEDITERRANEAN ROUTE:

ATLANTIC AND BALTIC ROUTE

-Spanish & Italian cities.

-Imported luxury items: perfumes, silks, porcelain, spices. Exported cloth & weapons.

Merchant associantion: HANSEATIC LEAGUE

Linked ports of. Portugal & Cantabria with flemish, german and russian cities.

Exchanged: Spanish & English wool, French wines, English tin & products of the Baltic.

Merchants met at TRADE FAIRS

Payment by CREDIT.

Bills of exchange

New cities appeared - cities were small

Peasnts had to migrate - work

Revival in TRADE

Live where the markets were

NOT governed by feudal lord

Inhabitants were free

Own goverment - city council

Some merchants - rich, they governed

Craftsmen & shopkeepers - domestic service

Some no work - were poor

Most were christians

Jews lived in GHETTOES in JEWISH QUARTERS

Islamic people lived in MOORISH QUARTERS

+ Craftsmen - products by hand. Worked small workshops.

Were: weavers, coopers, stone masons, bakers, carpenters and dyers.

Craftsmen street were called BAKER STREET or TANNERY ROW

All artisants joined a guild

Had it´s own statute, stablished rights & obligations

Controlled productions & distributed raw materials. Controlled number of workers & established prices.

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Master craftsmen

Journeymen

Apprentices

Own workshops, tools & raw materials

From father to son

Ran & controlled the guilds

Skilled craftsmen who received wages.

Young men - want to learn a trade

Lived in master´s house - work for him (sereval years)

NOY payment

Collect more taxws (kings)

Created - own armies

Contracted lawyers

Kings take power from nobles

Kings gave CHARTERS OF LIBERTIES (to cities) - became free of feudal dependence

Restored ROMAN LAW

Kings create PARLIAMENTS

People represented were: -king -nobles -clergy & -city mayors

Parliaments only met when the king called a meeting

FUNTIONS: -new taxes & -approve special budgets fot wars:

Parliaments had differet degrees

Conflicts cause DISPUTES over SUCCESSION

Other DISPUTES - caused by the need to establish BORDERS

These occured when a monarch died without leaving a successor, or a successor was considered to be unsuitable