Enzymes - created from Mind Map

Seite 1

What are they?

They are biological catalysts.

They are proteins.

Usually denature at 45 degrees.

Substrate molecules can fit into the active site of an enzyme molecule.

Catalysts meaning substances that increase the rate of chemical reactions without being used up.

Lower activation energy

They also fold up into complex 3D shapes and allow smaller shapes to fit inside them.

Made up from long chains of amino acids.

Shape is held by hydrogen bonds.

The reactant of the reaction is the substrate.

Each active site is specific, no other substrate can bind there

Tempreature and Enzymes

As the temperature increases so does the rate of reaction

But very high tempreature can lead to enzymes denaturing

pH

Changes in the pH alters an enzymes' shape.

Temperature

Different enzymes work best at different pHs'

The optimum pH for an enzyme depends on where it normally works

For Example, Intestinal enzymes have a pH of about 7.5. Enzymes in the stomach have an optimum of about 2.

Keywords

Deature.

Optimum Temperature

Protein

pH

If a protein is denatured, its structure and function is altered

The best temperature for the maximum rate of reaction.

Organic compounds made up of amino acids. One of the three main food groups, protein is needed for growth and repair

Scale of acidity/alkalinity (pH below 7 - acidic)(pH above 7 - alkaline)

Enzymes