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Quiz

PHSI3012 03-1 Metastasis

Michael Jardine 12 Fragen

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  1. 1The 9 stages of metastasis are:
    1 - Primary tumour formation;
    2 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
    3 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
    4 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
    5 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
    6 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
    7 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
    8 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
    9 - Clinically detectable macroscopic metastases.
    1. ALocal invasion
    2. BIntravasation
    3. CSurvival in the circulation
    4. DArrest at a distant organ site
    5. EExtravasation
    6. FMicrometastasis formation
    7. GMetastatic colonisation
  2. 2Temporal course of metastasis:
    The latency period of BREAST CARCINOMA is generally
    1. AYears to decades
    2. BMonths
  3. 3Temporal course of metastasis:
    The latency period of COLORECTAL CARCINOMA is generally
    1. AYears to decades
    2. BMonths
  4. 4Temporal course of metastasis:
    The latency period of LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA is generally
    1. AMonths
    2. BYears to decades
  5. 5Does stiffening of the ExtraCellular Matrix (ECM) promote or inhibit tumourigenesis?
    1. APromote
    2. BInhibit
  6. 6True or false:
    MMPs (Matrix MetalloProteinases) play a role in Intravasation.
    1. ARichtig
    2. BFalsch
  7. 7Angiopoietin-like 4 ("ANGPTL4") is involved in:
    1. AExtravasation
    2. BIntravasation
    3. CBoth of the above
    4. D[none of the above]
  8. 8The "Cell-of-Origin" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
    1. ANormal epithelial cell (already has activated metastasis virulence genes due to its normal cellular differentiation program) > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
    2. BNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes]
      > Metastatic colonisation
    3. CNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
    4. DNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
    5. ENormal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
  9. 9The "Partial-Competence" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
    1. ANormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
    2. BNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes]
      > Metastatic colonisation
    3. CNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
    4. DNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
    5. ENormal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
  10. 10The "Stochastic" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
    1. ANormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
    2. BNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes]
      > Metastatic colonisation
    3. CNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
    4. DNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
    5. ENormal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation

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Beschreibung
Overview: - Overview of metastasis - Define each of the general stages of metastasis - Provide some examples of genes involved in each stage - Different metastasis models - Examples of therapeutic options
Sprache
English
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65
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