Test
PHSI3012 03-1 Metastasis
Este test tiene tipos de pregunta que se abren en el reproductor de siempre.
Preguntas del test (12)
1The 9 stages of metastasis are:
1 - Primary tumour formation;
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9 - Clinically detectable macroscopic metastases.- ALocal invasion
- BIntravasation
- CSurvival in the circulation
- DArrest at a distant organ site
- EExtravasation
- FMicrometastasis formation
- GMetastatic colonisation
2Temporal course of metastasis:
The latency period of BREAST CARCINOMA is generally- AYears to decades
- BMonths
3Temporal course of metastasis:
The latency period of COLORECTAL CARCINOMA is generally- AYears to decades
- BMonths
4Temporal course of metastasis:
The latency period of LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA is generally- AMonths
- BYears to decades
5Does stiffening of the ExtraCellular Matrix (ECM) promote or inhibit tumourigenesis?
- APromote
- BInhibit
6True or false:
MMPs (Matrix MetalloProteinases) play a role in Intravasation.- AVerdadero
- BFalso
7Angiopoietin-like 4 ("ANGPTL4") is involved in:
- AExtravasation
- BIntravasation
- CBoth of the above
- D[none of the above]
8The "Cell-of-Origin" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
- ANormal epithelial cell (already has activated metastasis virulence genes due to its normal cellular differentiation program) > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
- BNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes]
> Metastatic colonisation - CNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
- DNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
- ENormal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
9The "Partial-Competence" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
- ANormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
- BNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes]
> Metastatic colonisation - CNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
- DNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
- ENormal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
10The "Stochastic" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
- ANormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
- BNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes]
> Metastatic colonisation - CNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
- DNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
- ENormal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
11The "Tumour Self-seeding" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
- ANormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
- BNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes]
> Metastatic colonisation - CNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
- DNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
- ENormal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
12The "Parallel Progression" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
- ANormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
- BNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes]
> Metastatic colonisation - CNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
- DNormal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
- ENormal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
Información
- Descripción
- Overview: - Overview of metastasis - Define each of the general stages of metastasis - Provide some examples of genes involved in each stage - Different metastasis models - Examples of therapeutic options
- Autor
- Michael Jardine
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 65
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test