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Chemistry flashcards (C3a)
Karten in diesem Stapel (30)
- 1What is Newlands' Law of Octaves?every eighth element had similar properties.
- 2Why was Newlands' work criticised?- the groups contained elements that didn't have similar properties.
- metals and non-metals were mixed up.
- no gaps were left for undiscovered elements. - 3How did Mendeleev order the elements?he ordered the elements in order of atomic mass.
- 4What did Mendeleev do, that Newlands' didn't do?he left gaps in order to keep elements with similar properties in the same groups.
- 5What do the group 1 elements consist of?alkali metals.
- 6As you go down the group...- the elements become more reactive because the the outer electron is more easily lost because it is further from the nucleus.
- the elements have lower melting/boiling points. - 7What type of bond do the alkali metals form?ionic bonds with non-metals.
- 8Why are the alkali metals keen to lose their outer electron?to form a +1 ion.
- 9Alkali metals react with water to produce...hydrogen gas.
- 10Alkali metals form...hydroxides that dissolve in water that turn a solution alkaline.
- 11What do the group 7 elements consist of?the halogens.
- 12As you go the group...- the elements are less reactive because it's harder to gain an electron because the outer energy level is further from the nucleus.
- higher melting/boiling points. - 13What type of bond do the halogens form?ionic bonds with non-metals.
- 14What ion is formed when the halogens bond with metals?-1 ion called halides.
- 15What can a more reactive halogen do to a less reactive one?it can displace a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of it salt.
- 16Transition elements are good conductors of...heat and electricity.
- 17What are the physical properties of transition elements?dense, strong and very shiny.
- 18Compared to the alkali metals, the transition elements are...less reactive (don't react as well with water and oxygen).
- 19Compared to the alkali metals, the transition elements are also...denser , stronger, harder and have higher melting points.
- 20How many ions does a transition element often have?typically more than one.
- 21With soft water, you get...a lather.
- 22With hard water, you get...nasty scum.
- 23What makes water 'hard'?dissolved calcium and magnesium ions.
- 24What happens when hard water is heated?it forms calcium carbonate, which 'furs' up appliances.
- 25What are calcium ions good for?teeth and bones.
- 26What causes temporary hard water?hydrogencarbonate ion in calcium hydrogen carbonate.
- 27What cause permanent hard water?dissolved calcium sulphate.
- 28How is temporary hardness removed?boiling the water.
- 29What happens when temporary hard water is boiled?calcium hydrogencarbonate decomposes to form calcium carbonate (insoluble)
- 30What is an ion exchange column?the calcium/magnesium ions that are in the water are exchanged for the sodium ions in the resin.
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- A brief revision resource on C3a
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