Karteikarten
AVIS S1 Flashcards
Karten in diesem Stapel (65)
- 1What is Diegetic sound?Sound in the characters' world that they [can] react to. They are in the story and can be on or off screen
- 2What is Non Diegetic sound?Sound not in the story/character's world for the benefit of the audience [eg. VO narration, score music]
- 3What is Meta Diegetic sound?Diegetic + Non Diegetic sound; used for emphasis ['sonic subtext']
- 4What are Voiced (Vocalized) sounds?where the larynx/voicebox is used; responsible for emotions (eg. vowels)
- 5What are Unvoiced sounds?noise elements (clicks, buzzes) of speech we create with our teeth, tongue, lips and palette; responsible for intelligibility
- 6What are Formants?frequency bands which are boosted due to resonance in our body (so everyone can have a unique voiceprint)
- 7What are Phonemes?distinct particles of speech with unique frequency content (eg. 'P', 'S', 'N')
- 8What is the most important element of storytelling?Dialogue
- 9What is Spotting?the process of planning the repair, replacement and/or embellishment of Dialogue, SFX, Music, Foley and Sound Designed elements
- 10What is Room Tone?recorded on set for technical reasons and use in post production. Used to fill the gaps of edits in a given AMBIENCE
- 11What is M.O.S. (Mitt Out Sound)?a scene that is shot without any dialogue recording
- 12What are the 4 steps for dialogue editing procedure?1. Identify and note impeding factors
2. remove (edit out)
3. replace (with similar sound)
4. extract PFX - 13What are Production FX (PFX)?sounds that were satisfactorily recorded on the film set as part of the dialogue track
- 14What does ADR stand for?Automatic/Automated Dialogue Replacement
- 15What is ADR ('looping') primarily used for?to re-record dialogue that couldn’t be salvaged during the editing process
- 16What is Walla?the recreation of background human dialogue specific to a scene, but not making a narrative contribution (bg people sound)
- 17What is 3-Beep and the typical technical setup?Supplies a count-in for actors during ADR
2 x 500Hz tones & 1 x 100Hz tone - 18What is Foley?the PERFORMANCE of sound in SYNC with picture (clothing, footsteps, prop handling)
- 19What are Specifics?event that is implied or has a visual ‘hit point’
- 20What are Backgrounds (BGs)?Sounds without a visual 'hit point'; characterize the atmosphere; provide sense of geography & acoustics
- 21What is Worldizing?Process of playing back and recording sounds in the actual environment you are editing them into
- 22What is a Partial?a single frequency component of a complex waveform
- 23What are Harmonic Partials (Harmonics)?Integer multiples of the fundamental
- 24What is a Harmonic Series?The group of all the harmonic partials
- 25What is a Noise Waveform?a signal of randomly generated frequency content
- 26What is an Octave?a doubling of frequency
- 27What is the difference between Source Music and Musical Score?Source Music is in the story (Diegetic) and Musical Score comments on the story world (Non-Diegetic)
- 28What does Source Music help to establish / reinforce?time period, geography and character
- 29What are 2 categories of Source Music?Original (closer relationship to film) and Pre-Existing (associated response & copyright + licensing)
- 30What are the 3 different Source Music licensings?1. Synchronization (sync to picture, use notes/lyrics)
2. Master use (can use actual song)
3. Mechanical (for soundtrack release) - 31What are 3 basic functions Musical Score performs?1. Play to the action on screen
2. Play against the action on screen
3. Play to the subtext (unspoken thoughts/motives of characters. DON'T overuse) - 32What is a Closed Score?There are other sounds (foley, SFX, atmosphere, etc) present [Limitations]
- 33What is an Open Score?There are NO other sounds (foley, SFX, atmosphere, etc) present [NO limitations]
- 34What are Atmospheres (what do they do)?sets the depth of field, emotional state of story, location, time of day, and season
- 35List and explain the 3 categories of Atmospheres1. Non-descript air: minimal movement of soft air/room tone
2. Air with pitch movement: defines 'character' of atmosphere. voice of INT or EXT location
3. Air interaction with objects: air interacting with leaves, branches, sand, etc (can be offscreen) - 36What are the 2 forms of optical sound recording (done prior to 1950's)?1. Variable Density (Light density)
2. Variable Area (Waveform) - 37What is Imaging?Refers to creating an illusion of space by placing objects in the stereo field
- 38What kind of harmonic partials are square and triangle waves made of?Only odd harmonic partials
- 39What is a Noise Waveform?A signal of randomly generated frequency content.
- 40What kind of harmonic partials are sawtooth waves made of?All harmonic partials at specific amplitudes
- 41What is Pink Noise?Has equal amount of energy per octave band of the audio spectrum.
- 42What is White Noise?Has equal amount of energy per frequency.
- 43What is the Associative Power of Sound?Everything beyond the physical/acoustic nature of sounds. Emotions, ideas and/or images provoked by and connected to sound.
- 44What is Common to Humanity (Levels of Association)?Sounds all humans are exposed to, regardless of where they live (ex. water running, children laughing)
- 45What are Culturally Specific (Levels of Association)?Sounds and music related to specific areas of the world OR specific cultural groups. (ex. languages and dialects, traditional music and instruments, ambience and landscapes)
- 46What are Historically Specific (Levels of Association)?Sounds and music common to a specific historical place or time. (ex. ambience and soundscape, technological*, mechanical, music of an era)
- 47What is Common to Production?Sounds (and music) common to a specific film, product, video game, company, etc. Used for product recognition (ex. Mario theme, Imperial March from Star Wars, Intel logo sound)
- 48What is Emotional Encoding?Sound designers can layer sounds with strong emotional associations. (ex. a lion's roar hidden in an engine sound; emotional content and ADSR) Intended to be subliminal, manipulating the consumer unconsciously. Must be used sparingly.
- 49What is a Field Recording?Any recording made outside of a controlled studio environment.
- 50What are Wild Lines?Alternate dialogue lines intended for sync to picture or ADR sessions but recorded on location after a scene is completed.
- 51What are Wild Sounds?Sounds outside of dialogue that may be used for other categories in an edit- FX/ATMOS/FOLEY. (ex. if there are vintage cars on set, ask to record their engines)
- 52In what situations would you contact the 1st/2nd Assistant (Points of Contact)?Electrical, lighting (do NOT touch), locations (building/set issues), recording issues with a actors (mics/lavs), scene slate changes (make sure they match up)
- 53In what situations would you contact the Project Manager (Points of Contact)?Hiring, wages, contract (name and credit), scheduling.
- 54What are the 3 ways to do DFN (Day for Night)?Int: black out all sources with heavy 'night sheets'. Can add in night FX later.
Ext: use blue filters/adjusting film exposure to 'darken' film light (can put a physical dark/blue piece of glass in front of the lens)
CGI: adjust film exposure with software (non destructive, cost effective to a degree) - 55What are Daily Script 'Sides'?Collection of dialogue lines from the script intended to be recorded on a specific day of the shoot. (Usually) not in chronological order and obtained from AD department morning of shoot.
- 56What is the Abbey Singer shot?2 shots before wrap/end of shoot day.
- 57What is the Martini shot?Last shot before end/wrap of shoot day.
- 58What are the Aspect Ratios for Standard TV (SD Broadcast) and Widescreen (HD)?Standard - 4:3
Widescreen - 16:9 - 59What is Blocking?Staging of actors on set to prep departments for rehearsal.
- 60What is a Double System?Audio and video being recorded separately. (for film/TV/etc)
- 61Why use Sync Tone?To calibrate meters between field mixer and camera line input.
- 62What is (Industry Standard) Sync Tone?1000Hz (1kHz) at -20dBFS recorded in WAV
- 63What are names based on when cataloguing SFX?Category (generic, broadband name)
Sub-category (break down of a category)
Unique Quality (adjectives/descriptions) - 64When describing Unique Qualities, what are some sonic characteristics that should be kept in mind (when naming SFX)?Frequency content / change in frequency, Horizontal space / change in panning, Presence / Absence, Harmonicity (ex. noisy, tuned), Time
- 65What are some basic guidelines (though they change from job to job) for naming SFX?- No descriptive negatives
- 31 character limit
- Begin keywords with capitals
- Use Commas,Spaces OR_Underscores (choose one- spaces might be good to start)