Enzymes

Enzymes

1. Conditions

   • denatured
     • When the shape of the enzyme changes
       • It no longer works
     • Become denatured by extreme Ph
     • Become denatured by High Temperature
   • Too Cold
     • Not enough kinetic energy for reactions to take place
       • Enzyme and Substrate aren't coming into contact with each other as their molecules aren't moving quick enough
   • As the temperature goes up, so does the rate of reaction
     • If the temperature is too high the Enzymes will denature

2. Activation Energy

   • Minimum amount of energy required for a reaction to occur

3. Examples

   • Protease
     • Proteins into Amino acids
   • Lipase
     • Fats into fatty acids and glycerol
   • Amylase
     • Starch into sugars

4. Uses

   • Biological Catalysts
     • Proteins
     • Catalyst
       • Something which speeds up a reaction
   • Work by using a "lock and key" mechanism
     • Substrate
       • Reactant
         • Always fits into the shape of the enzyme
     • Enzyme
       • Never gets used up in the reaction
       • Only one enzyme per type ofreaction
     • Active Site
       • Area which the Substrate fits into the enzyme
     • Enzyme-substrate complex
       • When the substrate is inside the enzyme's active site
     • Product
       • The final result of the reaction

5. Involvment

   • Building large molecules from smaller ones
   • Changing one molecule into another
   • Breaking large molecules down into smaller ones

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