CH 3 edit

CH 3 edit

1. Stains

   • Gram positive - purple
   • Gram Negative - pink or red

2. cell wall

   • helps with the shape, keep toxins away, might help with pathogenicity
   • peptidoglycan- meshlike looking thing.
     • N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)
       • • N- acetylmuramic acid

3. Gram Positive cell walls

   • made up of peptidoglycan- may have layers of proteins on the surface of peptidoglycans
   • enzymes secreted by Gram-positive bacteria are called exoenzymes

4. Gram-Negative Cell Walls

   • More complex the outermembrane is composed of LPS
   • The outermembrane lies outside the peptidolayer

5. Gram Stain Reaction

   • Gram-negative bacteria does not prevent loss of crystal violet

6. Osmotic Protection

   • Hypotonic environments
     • – water moves into cell and cell swells
   • Hypertonic environments
     • water leaves the cell

7. Components Outside of the Cell Wall

   • Aid in attachment to solid surfaces
   • Capsules
     • protective advantages – resistant to phagocytosis – protect from desiccation – exclude viruses and detergents