Culture

Culture

1. 1. Convergence

   • Examples: Declining Number of world languages; 80% of internet content hosted in english; Hollywood White Washing (Emma Stone Hawian character in Mona, Bogges BBC Proms West Side Story); McDonalds as the golden arches of conflict prevention; Eurovision 2017 35/42 in english, 4 in an entirely different one Harris 2018 argues the values of the contest cultural and linguistic diversity — have been abandoned for the sake of globalisation; McDonaldisation; Disneyfication
     • Scholars: Ritzer (1993) 'McDonaldization'; Bryman (2004) 'Disneyfication'; Friedman (1999); Ohmae (1990); Pinker (2011) 'Commerce and Cosmopolitianism; Giddnes (2001) Hollywood, Basic Instinct; Stanger (2003) 'Angalaphone hemogeny'; Schore (2018); Beck et al (2001) 'Football'; McLuhan (1962) 'Global Village'

2. 2. Hybridization

   • Examples: Hienz; McLobster and Asterix the Gaull; London boy of Asian origin playing cricket for a local Bengai cricket team whilst supporting Arsnel; Disney land Hong Kong and Paris; Tea; Brighton Pavillion (Taj Mahal); Jeans with Kurta in Pakistan; Melting Pot v Salad Bowl synonyms
     • Scholars: Pieterse (2008) 'Global Melange'; Hannerz (1987); Appadura (1990) 'Disjuncture; Keltz 92006); McCann (2018)

3. 3. Clash of Civilisations

   • Examples: Eurovision 13 songs not in english (highest number in 5 years);Japan 3000 tribunals, Germany 470000; Media portrayment of Russia Spy Scandal; GWoT; America and Iran; China and Tiawan; China and US; UK and Russia; 23% increase in hate crime after Brexit, race and faith base increased 40%; UKIP vote of shares declined 10% in 2017 from 2015;
     • Scholars: Eatwell and Goodwin (2010) 'New nationalist extreamism'; Kaldor (2006) 'New war thesis'; Stenger (2003) 'Regilious Globalism'; Huntingdon (1992); Barber (1995); Hill (2011) 'Spectacularity'; Der Derian (2009) CoC as entertainment; McCann (2018);

4. "Global Village v Clash of Civilisations". Ritzer - American Homogenisation. Homozenisation driven by a) Media - profit driven mass culture, oligopoly with strong influence (However, rise of social media, not all countried eg Russia RT, China CCTV) b) Corperations - New technologies and management systems, artifical junk culture, creating excess through global labour markets. Cultural imperialism imposed by the west, inescapable, Paradox that the GWoT if global in its means eg Manchester Arena Attack, use of social media and click bait, Hill (2006) 'Spectacularity' from 24/7 rolling news. Marginalised. GWoT is not Islam against the West like Huntingdon suggested but ISIS against the rest (muslims fighting muslims). Marginalised in relative terms, extreamism on the fringe. Huntingdom excessivly pessemistic, very old and outdates view of culture.

5. "Clash of Civilisations" Key Points - a) Stimulated by the 1991 fall of the USSR, b) Civilisation clashed become more likley due to globalisation, c) Revival of religion; increased cultural sensitivity and desire to protect, d) culture immutable (can be no universal culture) "Jihadist Globalism" Globalisation written into terrorism...a) War torn areas and failed states global b) Jhiadists also from developed countries, c) Opposition to globalisation in itself a manifestation of globalisation, d) Rise of subsegments - Networks, e) Broader more complex issues, f) Exacerbated by weaker nation states, g) Blurring of domestic and international terrorism.

6. "War on Terror as knowledge economy/entertainment" - High and low technology wars blurring into entertainment/media. Rise of Violent video games eg COD. War as business and culture embedded into the global economy. Lawless, anything goes type securtity structure. Does globalisation mean increased violence? Pinker - No. Sceptical view - longer trends of conflict have always been there. Different type of wars, extreamism marginalised. War on terror as decivilising - increasingly unpleasant tatics. Blowback effect provoking a massive response. = no obvious victory scenario.