Topic 3

Topic 3

1. Definition

   • The level base surface of a room/hall which one stands/walk.
     • 1. Support loads from finishes, people, machines, furniture & fixtures.
       • 2. Provide a level surface for normal use in a building.
         • 3. Provide a level surface for any floor finishes that are applied.
   • Main functions

2. Upper floor

   • Either reinforced concrete/suspended timber structures that are supported on load bearing walls.
     • Type : Reinforced concrete & Suspended timber.
   • Functions
     • To support their own weight, ceiling & superimposed loads.
       • To restrict the passage of five especially in high rise buildings.
         • To accomodate services readily.
           • To provide an acceptable finish.

3. Ground floor

   • Either concrete slabs laid directly on the ground on hardcore beds/the ground on hardcore beds/suspended timber structures.
     • Type : Solid (concrete) & Suspended timber/concrete (berongga biasa di luar negara)
       • Functions
         • To withstand the loads that will be imposed upon them.
           • To prevent the growth of vegetable matter inside the building by the provision of the concrete over site.
             • To prevent damp penetration into the building by inserting DPM in or below the floor.
   • Main functions
     • To carry loads imposed on them.
       • To prevent dampness rising from the ground into the building.
         • To provide a degree of thermal insulation.
           • To prevent growth of vegetable matter in the building.
             • To provide suitable wearing surface.
   • Main components of solid ground floor
     • Hardcore
       • Used as sub base, put under floors. (100-150mm)
         • Hard, durable and chemically inert materials & compact.
           • Functions : > To ensure consistent material over the whole floor area. >To reduce capillary action of moisture from the ground. >To provide a clean dry and firm working surface.
       • DPM
         • An impervious layer to prevent moisture travelling through the floor to the inside of the building (e.g. Polythene sheeting).
     • Concrete bed
       • This provide the solid level surface to which screeds and finishes can be applied.
       • Functions : To provide a total barrier.
   • Suspended floor
     • Due to ground conditions ;
       • > Soil with a low bearing capacity
         • > Sloping site
           • > Soils containing aggresive materials.
             • > High water levels.

4. Floor finishes

   • Stone
     • Wood
       • sheed & tiles
         • cupboard
   • Factors to be considered
     • Resistance to wear and tear.
       • Resistance to oil,grease
         • Resistance to surface moisture.
           • Resistance to stairs and dirt.