Metabolism

Metabolism

1. Catabolism

   • Definition: Breakdown of molecules to release energy.
   • Glycolysis
     • Feeds into fermentation or respiration
     • Produces ATP and NADH (via substrate-level phosphorylation)
     • Oxidation-reduction reaction
   • Fermentation
     • produces ATP
     • regenerates NAD+ from NADH
     • uses substrate level phosphorylation
     • Oxidation-reduction reaction
   • Oxidative Phosphorylation
     • uses NADH
     • transfers electrons to electron transport chain
     • involves Fe-S center
     • involves Quinone
     • produces ATP
     • generates proton gradient
       • proton gradient drives ATP synthase
     • Electron transport chain
   • Photophosphorylation
     • includes light harvesting complex
     • includes reaction center
     • contains photopigments
       • Carotenoid
       • Chlorophyll
     • generates proton gradient
       • proton gradient drives ATP synthase
         • produces ATP
     • Oxygenic photosynthesis
     • Anoxygenic photosynthesis
     • Retinal-based phototrophy
     • Electron transport chain
       • Oxidation-reduction reaction

2. Anabolism