Nervous System

Nervous System

1. CNS

   • Formed by Neurulation
   • Sensory Division
     • Ascending tract
       • Anteriolateral Spinal theroranic circuit (Pain)
       • Dorsal Column Circuit (pressure & touch
       • Cross over into somatic sensory cortex
     • Afferent neurons
   • Brain
     • Formation
       • Prosencephalon (Forebrain)
         • Telencephalon
           • cerebral hemisphers
         • Diencephalon
           • Thalamus, optic nerve, hypothalamus
       • Mesencephalon (Midbrain)
         • Mesencephalon
           • tectum
       • Rhombencephalon (Hindbrain)
         • Metencephalon
           • cerebellum
         • Myelencephalon
           • medula
     • Main Parts
       • Cerebrum
         • Frontal lobe
           • Functions: concentration, problem solving, planning, intellect, learning
         • Temporal lobe
           • Functions: memory, hearing, language and music comprehension
         • parietal lobe
           • Functions: visual and spatial perceptions, touch
         • occipital lobe
           • Functions: vision, recognition of printed words
       • Cerebellum
         • Functions: coordination, balance, equilibrium
       • Brain Stem
         • midbrain
           • Thalamus
         • pons
         • medulla
       • Limbic System
         • Hypothalamus
         • Hippocampus
   • Midbrain
   • Spinal Cord

2. PNS

   • Derived from neural crest cell migration
   • Motor Division
     • Motor Neurons
       • Efferent
     • Descending tract
       • Autonomic Nervous System
         • Sympathetic
           • "fight or flight"
         • Parasympathetic
           • "feed or breed"
       • Pyramidal & Extrapyramidal
         • Somatic Nervous System
           • Skeletal Muscle

3. Development

   • Zygote
     • Blastocyst
       • Gastrulation
         • Germ layers
           • Endoderm
             • Respiratory
             • GI tract
             • cuboidal cells
           • Mesoderm
             • Kidneys
             • Bones
             • Muscle
             • Notocord
             • dermis
             • steriod-producing glands
             • blood & bv
           • Ectoderm
             • Epidermis
         • Neurulation
           • Neural plate
             • Neural tube
               • guided down the back side of the body by the notochord
               • Neural Crest Cells
                 • Migratory
                 • Melanocytes
                 • Adrenal medula
                   • Some Neural crest cells get trapped in mesoderm. It creates the adrenal medusa which produces epinephrine.
               • Neural Tube Defect
                 • Annotate the neural tube defects based on their location.
               • Notocord
               • Differentiation
                 • change in physical and functional properties of cells as they proliferate to form different structures and organs.
             • cranial end
             • caudal end