Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations (auditory)
3. Disorganized speech
4. Disorganized or catatonic behavior
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia
1. Flat affect
2. Social withdrawal
3. Lack of motivation and speech
4. Thought blocking
5. Poor grooming
Schizophrenia subtypes (DSM-IV)
1. Paranoid
2. Disorganized
3. Catatonic
4. Undifferentiated
5. Residual
Antipsychotics
1. Typical (traditional neuroleptics)
  1. Low potency
    1. Anticholinergic side effects
    2. Drugs
      1. Chlorpromazine
      2. Thioridazine
  2. High potency
    1. EPS
    2. Tardive dyskinesia
    3. NMS
    4. Drugs
      1. Haloperidol
      2. Fluphenazine
      3. Loxapine
      4. Thiothixene
      5. Trifluoperazine
2. Atypical
  1. Fewer EPS and anticholinergic side effects
  2. Drugs
    1. Olanzapine
    2. Quetiapine
    3. Risperidone
    4. Aripiprazole
    5. Clozapine
  3. Alpha-blocking side effects
    1. Sedation
    2. Hypotension
  4. Histamine-blocking side effects
    1. Weight gain
    2. Sedation
Extrapyramidal side effects
1. Within 1-5 days
  1. Acute dystonia
  2. Torticollis
2. Within 1 month: bradykinesia
3. Within 2 months: akathisia
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
1. Delirum and altered mental status
2. Autonomic instability
3. Muscle rigidity
4. Myoglobinuria
5. Hyperpyrexia

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

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