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1. Romantic Era Features

   • Rich harmonies
   • Often long, slow melodies
   • Rubato (expressive shortening and lengthening of some notes)
   • Lots of use of the piano
   • Newly Developed Piano
     • More effective pedals
     • Was much larger, with more dynamic range
     • The hammers were improved to give a soft, more rounded tone
   • Lots of use of the pedals (on piano)

2. Structure

   • Is in ternary form (ABA) and finishes with a coda
   • Key changes enharmonically between D flat major and C sharp minor
   • Repeated pedal note- gives the impression of a constant raindrop
     • A flat in section A
     • G sharp in section B
   • Section lengths are not equal

3. Tonality and Harmony

   • Constant 'raindrop' pedal note
   • Passes through G sharp minor and F sharp minor in section B
   • When section A returns it is slightly more chromatic

4. Timbre and Texture

   • Entirely homophonic except for the two first bars of the coda
   • Texture is quite thin in section A
   • Section B is more chordal
   • In loud sections the texture is thickened by octave doubling in both hands

5. Dynamics

   • Section A is played quietly (marked p)
   • Dynamics build in section B and reach ff (very loud)
   • When section A returns it is marked smorzando (dying away), and ends very softly (pp)

6. Tempo and Rythm

   • Slow 4/4 time
   • Rubato is used