English - Word Classes.

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Nouns:

Common: Refers to people or things in general ~ boy, country, bridge and desk.

Proper: A name of a person, place or thing ~ New Zealand, Jake and Orange.

Compound: Connecting two words to make one ~ pea+nut=peanut, book+shelf=bookshelf.

Collective: Groups of people or things ~ team, jury, school, family, and audience.

Plural: More then one ~ adding on the word to make it sound like more. ~ bag-bags, shoe-shoes, bus-buses.

Concrete: Things that can be touched, seen, tasted, smelled, or heard ~ building, tea, rain, beach, and door.

Abstract: Refers to ideas, qualities, and conditions ~ cant be touched or seen (no physical reality) truth, anger, time, friendship and sadness.

Verbs: Tells use what is happening - auction or activity.

Infinitive: will almost always begin with to followed be a verb ~ TO+VERB=INFINITIVE

Infinitives can be used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs

~ To think, to pick, and to pee.

-How it is shown.

Regular: add -ed to show its tense ~ walked, looked and worked.

Irregular: Different was to show the verb in past tense ~ ride-rode, speak-spoke and sing-sang

Auxiliary: Helps out the verb, three main ones are be, do and have. ~ She has arrived, I am leaving and Do you smoke?

Participle: the word that is NOT the auxiliary, tells you the action. ~ Do you smoke? She has arrived, I am Leaving.

Adjectives: describes the noun, giving extra information about it.

~ a sweet taste, a red apple, and an Italian woman.

Quality & Quantity: Tell us about what sort, how much or how many ~ Quantity-how much, some, little, whole, all, no, enough and five.

Quality-what it looks like- famous, ugly, sharp.

Demonstrative: To point people or things

Adverbs: add on to the verb, tells us more about it

She walked slowly

Bob ate gracefully

Formation: Adjectives can turn into adverbs by adding -ly ~ quick-quickly, slow-slowly and pretty-prettily.

Manner: How something is done ~ I ate loudly

Time: when something is done ~ I ate in the morning.

Place: where something was done ~ I ate at my house.

Preposition: Tells us where something is ~ Where is the book? On, under, over, below etc

Conjunction: words that join two or more ideas into one sentence. ~ The dog had to piss and we were very happy

Syntax:

Subject: Tells us who/what dies the action of the verb ~ Ben and Mark like eating cake.

Sentence-

Simple: One idea and made up of two parts -subject tells who/what is doing

-the predicate ~ rest of the sentence made up when 2 or more sentences are joined together. (usually using a conjunction or semicolon)

Complex: Made up of 1 sentence plus a subordinate clause (more in depth add on)

Minor: Just one word ~ Hello! or Hey!

Run-on: A sentence that just go on and on and on and on and on ~ i had a ice cream and went to the pools to swim and got killed etc.

Language:

Smile:

metaphor:

Personification:

Onomatopoeia:

Alliteration:

Assonance:

Rhyme:

Repetition:

Hyperbole:

Cliche:

Pun:

Rhetorical Question:

Euphemism:

Irony:

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