3. MEDIEVAL CITIES - created from Mind Map

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AGRICULTURE & POPULATION

DEVELOMENT OF TRADE & BANKING

CAUSES OF URBAN GROWTH

INHABITANTS

CRAFTMEN

GUILDS

TRADES

GROWTH OF ROYAL AUTHOROTY

CREATION OF PARLIAMENTS

CONFLICTS BETWEEN EUROPEAN KINGDOMS

CROP ROTATION was established

New land was created

Mouldboard plough better

Irrigation became better & new crops

Greater wind & water mills

Food production & population increase

2 ROUTES

Banking techniques changed

MEDITERRANEAN ROUTE

ATLANTIC & BALTIC ROUTE

Linked Spanidh & Itaian cities

Imported luxury items: perfumes, silks, porcelain and spices

Merchant´s association - HANSEATIC LEAGUE

Linked ports of: Potugal & Cantabria with Fleish, German & Russian cities

Exchanged: Spanish & Engliah wool, French wines, English tin & product from the bltic

Merchants met at TRADE FAIRS

Payment BY CREDIT

Bills of exchange

New cities apperared - small

Peasants migrate to find work

They live where the markets were

NOT controlled by feudal lords

Inhabitants were FREE

Each city - own goverment - CITY COUNCL

Some merchants were rich - governed the city

Most were Craftsmen, shopkeepers or worked in domestic service

Some poor - not work

Most were CHRISTIANS

JEWS lived in GUETTOES & in JEWISH QUARTERS

Islamic people lived n MOORISH QUATERS

Craftsmen increase, there were: weavers, coopers, stone masons, bakers, carpenters and dyers

Do their products BY HAND

They worked in workshops

All artisans joined to a guild, nobody could worked in a trade if they don´t joined a guild

Guilds: contolled productions & distributed raw materials, controlled the numbers of workers & established prices

MASTER CRAFTSMEN

JOURNEYMEN

APPRENTICES

Owned: workshops, tools & raw materials

From father o son

Ran & controlled the guilds

Skilled craftsmenwho received wages

Young people - wanted to learned a trade

Lived in the master´s house - worked for him - sereval years

NOT receive payment

Kings collected more txes

Created their own armies

They contracted LAWYERS

KIngs take power from the nobles

Gave CHARTERS OF LIBERTIES - cities became FREE of feudal dependence

Restored ROMAN LAW

Kings started to crated parliaments

People represented were: The king, nobles, clergy & city mayors

Parliaments only met when a king called a meeting

The main function was: to established new taxes & approve special budgets of war

There were different degrees of power

Conflicts caused: DISPUTES over SUCCESION

Other disputes were caused by the need to establised BORDERS

This occurred when a monarch died without leaving a successor, or a successor was unsuitable