SYSTEMS (BIO)

Chapter 10: Circulatory System

• moves blood throughout your body.
• carries nutrients to cell
• carries waste away from cells
• carries chemical messages from cells to distant target tissues
• distribute heat throughout the body
• maintains levels of body fluid

Chapter 10: Circulatory System

• moves blood throughout your body
• carries nutrient to cells and wastes away from cells
• carries chemical messages from cell to distant target tissues
• distribute heat throughout your body and maintain levels of body fluid

Circulatory System

• heart pumps the oxygen-rich blood to tissues of the the body
• oxygen aids in breaking down high-energy glucose to low energy compounds, which releases energy within the tissue cells
• the cells use the energy to build new materials, repair existing structures and variety of other energy-consuming reactions
• IT TRANSPORT CELLULAR WASTES
• HELPS DEFEND AGAINST INVADING ORGANISMS
• PERMITS THE TRANSPORT OF IMMUNE CELLS THROUGHOUT THE BODY
• 
• Bildunterschrift: CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

10.1 Blood Vessels

• dyanamic organs
• capable of contracting and expanding
• they deliver oxygen and nutrient to cell
• carry away waste products
• maintaining blood pressure
• 3 Major Types of Blood Vessel
• Arteries
• Veins
• Capillaries
• 
• Bildunterschrift: The Blood Vessels

Arteries

• carry blood away from the heart
• thick walls composed of distinct layers
• outer and inner are primarily connective tissue
• middle layer are made up of muscle fibres and elastic connective tissue
• *PULSE-you can feel in your wrist or either side of your neck; created by the changes in diameter of the arteries following heart contractions.
• Blood To Artery
• Heart Contracts
• blood surges from the heart
• enters the arteries
• arteries stretch to accommodate the inrush of blood
• Heart contraction to Relaxation Phase
• pressure drops
• elastic fibres recoil
• cells are supplied by the blood vessel to provide nourishment
• Blood from artery are passed to smaller artery called Arterioles

Arterioles and Autonomic Nervous System

• ARTERIOLES
• Blood from the arteries passes into smaller arteries
• The middle part of the arterioles is composed of elastic fibre and smooth muscle
• They are able to contract and relax, controlling the blood flow to different parts.
• leading to capillaries open when cells in that area are required blood
• ANS (AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM)
• controls the motor nerves; maintain equilibrium, regulates the diameter of the arterioles
• not under conscious control

Vasoconstriction & Vasodilation

Vasoconstriction Vasodilation

• process of nerve impulses causes smooth muscle in the arterioles to contract, reducing the diameter of the blood vessel
• the narrowing of blood vessels, allowing less blood to the tissues
• process of relaxation of smooth muscle causes dilation of the arterioles and blood flow increases
• increase the delivery of blood to tissues, permits the cell in that localized area to perform energy-consuming tasks
• helps the body release some excess heat, produced when you become nervous.

Other Vocabs

• Precapillary Sphincter Muscles - regulate the movement of blood from the arterioles into capillaries
• Blushing- caused by vasodilation of the arterioles leading to skin capillaries. RBC close to the surface of the skin produce the pink colour.
• Constriction of the arteriolar muscles - when face turn into a paler shade; diverts blood away from the outer capillaries of the skin toward the muscles .
• * increased the blood flow to the muscles provides more oxygen and glucose to meet the energy demands

Veins and Venules