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Phamacotherapeutics - Drugs for Cough & Cold

Beschreibung

Pharm: Drugs for Cough and Cold
campbellpa2017
Quiz von campbellpa2017, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
campbellpa2017
Erstellt von campbellpa2017 vor mehr als 8 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
Which of the following is/are true regarding antitussive medications? (select all that apply)
Antworten
  • Used to suppress coughing
  • May be used long-term
  • Better for dry (non-productive) cough
  • Not very effective at current OTC doses
  • Contraindicated in children < 6 years old

Frage 2

Frage
Why would antitussives be contraindicated?
Antworten
  • They cause gastrointestinal symptoms if used over 7 days.
  • Coughing is a defense mechanism which we don't want to suppress.
  • Patient has a productive cough.
  • Patient is < 2 years old
  • All of the above
  • All but A

Frage 3

Frage
What is the mechanism of action of Codeine and what is it's brand name?
Antworten
  • Inhibits cough through direct effect on brainstem cough center. Also might inhibit peripheral afferent neurons that initiate coughing.
  • Competes for H1 receptor sites on respiratory tract to reduce secretion and stop coughing
  • Robitussin AC
  • Robitussin DM
  • Delsym

Frage 4

Frage
What is the mechanism of Dextromethorphan and what is/are it's brand names?
Antworten
  • Soothing to the airway through vaporization.
  • Inhibits cough reflex by a similar mechanism to Codeine (inhibits cough through direct effect on brainstem cough center) but is a non-narcotic.
  • Inhibits cough reflex by a similar mechanism to Codeine (inhibits cough through direct effect on brainstem cough center) but is a narcotic and provides stronger action.
  • Robitussin AC
  • Robitussin DM
  • Vicks Vaposteam
  • Delsym

Frage 5

Frage
Which two medications are sold as Vicks?
Antworten
  • Delsym
  • Menthol
  • Carnauba
  • Camphor
  • Lanolin

Frage 6

Frage
What are some common adverse effects of Codeine?
Antworten
  • Fatigue
  • Abdominal pain
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Ataxia

Frage 7

Frage
What are some common side effects of Dextromethorphan?
Antworten
  • Confusion
  • Ataxia
  • Irritability
  • Nervousness
  • Excitement

Frage 8

Frage
What is the primary side effect of Benadryl?
Antworten
  • Shortness of Breath
  • Ataxia
  • Vomiting
  • Insomnia
  • Drowsiness

Frage 9

Frage
Which drug do the young whippersnappers Robo Trip with?
Antworten
  • Robitussin AC
  • Robaxin
  • Diphenhydramine
  • Dextromethorphan
  • Tylenol

Frage 10

Frage
What are some therapeutic benefits of Expectorants?
Antworten
  • Compete for H1 receptor sites on respiratory tract to reduce secretion and stop coughing.
  • Facilitate production and ejection of mucus.
  • May increase pulmonary function
  • Prevents respiratory passages from being clogged by thick, viscous secretions.
  • Reduce secretions from upper airway so as to prevent drainage into the lower respiratory tract.

Frage 11

Frage
Which of the following are Adverse Effects of Decongestants?
Antworten
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Hypertension
  • Palpitations
  • Seizures
  • Nausea
  • Nervousness

Frage 12

Frage
Which of the following are characteristics of decongestants.
Antworten
  • Binds to receptors located on blood vessels of nasal mucosa and stimulate vasoconstriction and resulting in drying up of mucosal vasculature and decreased local congestion
  • Usually beta-2 adrenergic agonists.
  • Usually beta-1 adrenergic agonists.
  • Usually alpha-1 adrenergic agonists.
  • Almost exclusively systemic medications.
  • May be systemic or local medications.
  • Almost exclusively local medications
  • Can cause CNS depression, avoid excessive use
  • Can cause CNS excitation, avoid excessive use

Frage 13

Frage
Which oral decongestant rocks and which one sucks?
Antworten
  • Phenylephrine
  • Pseudoephedrine

Frage 14

Frage
When is the best time to take an oral decongestant?
Antworten
  • In the morning to reduce the negative consequences of CNS excitation.
  • In the evening to reduce the negative consequences of CNS depression.
  • Any time of day as CNS effects are not often seen in decongestants.
  • In the evening to help congested patients sleep.

Frage 15

Frage
What is the chief concern with Afrin administration and what is its generic name?
Antworten
  • Nasal polyps
  • Rebound congestion
  • Epistaxis
  • Oxymetazoline
  • Xylometazoline
  • Phenylephrine

Frage 16

Frage
Choose the correct statements regarding Phenylephrine and Pseudoephedrine. (if you get something incorrect, try flipping the statements)
Antworten
  • Phenylephrine is more bioavailable (90%) than Pseudoephedrine (38%)
  • Phenylephrine: a1 adrenergic, weak B adrenergic Pseudoephedrine: a1 and B adrenergic
  • Phenylephrine has CNS effects, Pseudoephedrine does not.
  • Pseudoephedrine has more efficacy data than Phenylephrine.
  • Patients with heart conditions, asthma, and COPD need to be more cautious with Pseudoephedrine and less so with Phenylephrine

Frage 17

Frage
Which of these is NOT a condition in which we should be cautious when prescribing oral decongestants?
Antworten
  • Hypertension
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Diabetes
  • Coronary heart disease
  • Diverticulitis
  • Elevated intraocular pressure
  • Prostatic hypertrophy
  • MAOIs

Frage 18

Frage
Which Histamine mediates allergic response and is therefore what our antihistamine drugs target?
Antworten
  • H1
  • H2
  • H3
  • H4

Frage 19

Frage
Arrange these antihistamine medications in terms of their ability to cross the blood brain barrier, from most crossing to least.
Antworten
  • Diphenhydramine, Loratidine, Fexofenadine, Cetirizine
  • Diphenhydramine, Fexofenadine, Loratidine, Cetirizine
  • Diphenhydramine, Cetirizine, Loratidine, Fexofenadine
  • Fexofenadine, Diphenhydramine, Cetirizine, Loratidine
  • Loratidine, Cetirizine, Fexofenadine, Diphenhydramine

Frage 20

Frage
Which of the following medications are First Generation Antihistamines?
Antworten
  • Brompheniramine (Dimetapp)
  • Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)
  • Clemastine (Tavist)
  • Hydroxyzine (Atarax)
  • Levocetirizine (Xyzal)
  • Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
  • Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
  • Desloratidine (Clarinex)

Frage 21

Frage
Which of the following are Second Generation Antihistamines?
Antworten
  • Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
  • Desloratidine (Clarinex)
  • Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
  • Fexofenadine (Allegra)
  • Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
  • Levocetirizine (Xyzal)
  • Loratidine (Claritin)

Frage 22

Frage
While antihistamines are generally used more for allergic rhinitis and congestion, one medication has some efficacy in treating cold related rhinorrhea. Which is it?
Antworten
  • Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
  • Fexofenadine (Allegra)
  • Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
  • Loratidine (Claritin)

Frage 23

Frage
What are some precautions and warnings to consider when prescribing antihistamines to patients?
Antworten
  • Emphysema
  • Chronic Bronchitis
  • Narrow Angle Glaucoma
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Enlarged Prostate Gland
  • Increased risk of CVA
  • Decrease in milk supply in nursing mothers.

Frage 24

Frage
What are some special considerations to make in elderly and children before prescribing Antihistamines?
Antworten
  • Elderly patients having a paradoxical hyperactivity.
  • Children having a paradoxical hyperactivity.
  • Long half life in elderly, causing extended effect and increased fall risk.
  • Long half life in children, causing poor performance in school and social dysfunction.

Frage 25

Frage
When a combination product advertises itself as a Nighttime/PM medication, what is likely in the combination?
Antworten
  • Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) but no antihistamine
  • Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) and/or an analgesic
  • Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine, or Doxylamine
  • Dextromethorphan
  • Antihistamine

Frage 26

Frage
When a combination product advertises itself as a Nondrowsy/AM/Daytime medication, what is likely in the combination?
Antworten
  • Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine, or Doxylamine
  • Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) but no antihistamine
  • Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) and/or an analgesic
  • Dextromethorphan
  • Antihistamine

Frage 27

Frage
When a combination product advertises itself as a Sinus medication, what is likely in the combination?
Antworten
  • Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine, or Doxylamine
  • Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) but no antihistamine
  • Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) and/or an analgesic
  • Dextromethorphan
  • Antihistamine

Frage 28

Frage
When a combination product advertises itself as a Cough medication, what is likely in the combination?
Antworten
  • Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine, or Doxylamine
  • Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) but no antihistamine
  • Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) and/or an analgesic
  • Dextromethorphan
  • Antihistamine

Frage 29

Frage
When a combination product advertises itself as an Allergy medication, what is likely in the combination?
Antworten
  • Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine, or Doxylamine
  • Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) but no antihistamine
  • Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) and/or an analgesic
  • Dextromethorphan
  • Antihistamine
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