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Quiz von gina_evans0312, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von gina_evans0312
vor mehr als 10 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
Regulatory modifications can be removed
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 2
Frage
What is added in Palmitoylation?
Antworten
-
Palmitic Acid
-
Palmitoyl-5-Phosphate
-
Palmitite
Frage 3
Frage
The substrate in palmitoylation is added through a thio-ester bond
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 4
Frage
Where is the substrate in palmitoylation added?
Antworten
-
The central cystine
-
The two flanking leucines
-
Of C/LCL/C
Frage 5
Frage
Describe Model 1 of regulatory modification
Antworten
-
The modification changes the functional state (Active --> Inactive or vice versa)
-
The modification changes the affinity of the protein for its binding partner
Frage 6
Frage
In Model 2, what does the addition do?
Antworten
-
Activates/deactivates the protein
-
Creates a new binding site that only exists with the modification
-
Marks the protein for destruction
Frage 7
Frage
Phosphorylation is the least used modification in eukaryotic cells
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 8
Frage
What is the donor for phosphorylation?
Antworten
-
Gamma phosphate of ATP
-
Alpha phosphate of ATP
-
Beta phosphate of ATP
Frage 9
Frage
Name the two enzymes that add/remove the phosphate
Antworten
-
Protein kinases
-
Protein phosphatases
-
Protein isomerases
-
Protein transferases
Frage 10
Frage
Phosphates are added to amino acids with OH groups on the R chain
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 11
Frage
Phosphorylation can be used for both Model 1 & 2
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 12
Frage
Give an example of a Model 1 phosphorylation
Antworten
-
Phosphorylation of Erk Kinase
-
Phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase
-
Phosporylation of Ras
Frage 13
Frage
Describe a Model 2 pathway for phosphorylation
Antworten
-
Platelet derived growth factor self phosphorylates on Tyr
-
Allows binding of other proteins SH2 domains
-
Phosphorylation of Raf
-
Phosphorylation of MEK
Frage 14
Frage
Acetylation is used almost exclusively for model 1
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 15
Frage
To which residue is the substrate for Acetylation added?
Antworten
-
Lysine
-
Leucine
-
Tyrosine
Frage 16
Frage
Acetylysine is neutral
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 17
Frage
Acetyl-lysines are recognised by what?
Antworten
-
Bromo-domains
-
Phosphoserine domains
-
KH4 domains
Frage 18
Frage
The donor for Acetylation is?
Antworten
-
N-acetyl glucosamine
-
N-acetyl galactosamine
-
Acetyl CoA
Frage 19
Frage
Name the proteins that add/remove the substrate in acetylation
Antworten
-
Acetyl Transferase
-
Deacetylases
-
Acetyl Isomerase
-
Acetylase
Frage 20
Frage
How is acetylation used for DNA density regulation?
Antworten
-
The histone monomers (H3 & H4 especially) have tails rich in lysine for acetylation
-
T/A residues are acetylated, which signals to move them to the histone and be silenced
-
GTG repeats are acetylated to activate them, moving them away from the histone
Frage 21
Frage
Acetylation causes the DNA to relax
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 22
Frage
What is the role of bromodomains?
Antworten
-
To interact with histones
-
To interact with nucleosoems
-
Bring in other proteins for the chromatin remodelling complex
Frage 23
Frage
What is the donor substrate for methylation?
Antworten
-
S-adenosyl Methionine
-
Ethanol
-
N-acetyl methionine
Frage 24
Frage
Name the two protein sets that add/remove methyl groups
Antworten
-
Methyl transferase
-
Demethylase
-
Methyl isomerase
-
Methylases
Frage 25
Frage
There are separate enzymes for lysine and arginine methylation
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 26
Frage
Methyl can be added to the same lysine how many times?
Antworten
-
3
-
4
-
5
Frage 27
Frage
MeK, Me2K and Me3K are all created and recognised by the same enzyme
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 28
Frage
Some enzymes can mono/bi/ and tri methylate, some can only do one
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 29
Frage
Name the forms of dimethylated arginine
Antworten
-
Me2R
-
Symmetrical Me2R
-
Asymmetrical Me2R
Frage 30
Frage
What's the difference between s & aMe2R
Antworten
-
One is in Cis, the other is in trans formation
-
aMe2R has both methylations on the same arginine
-
aMe2R has both methylations on different arginines
Frage 31
Frage
Arginine has 5 nitrogens to be replaced
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 32
Frage
Tudor domains recognise methylation
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 33
Frage
Why is S-adenosyl methionine used as the donor
Antworten
-
It has a 5-bonded carbon, which makes the methyl easy to remove
-
It has a 4-bonded phosphate, which makes the methyl easy to remove
-
It has a 3-bonded sulphur, which makes the methyl easy to remove
Frage 34
Frage
Tandem tudor cannot bind to Me3K as there is no longer a H for it to bind with
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 35
Frage
A type of tudor domain will recognise asymmetical Me2R
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 36
Frage
ADP ribosylation is mostly Model 2
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 37
Frage
What is the donor for ADP ribosylation?
Antworten
-
NAD+
-
FAD+
-
NADH
Frage 38
Frage
How is the ADP gained from the substrate?
Antworten
-
Cut off the nicotinamide and you're left with the ADP
-
Cut off the flavin and you're left with the ADP
Frage 39
Frage
Name the proteins that add/removed ADP
Antworten
-
Poly-ADP Ribose Polymerase
-
ADP Transferase
-
De-ADPase
-
Poly-ADP Ribose Glycohydrolases
Frage 40
Frage
Which amino acids are the ADP(s) added to?
Antworten
-
Lysine
-
Glutamine
-
Valine
-
Glutaminc Acid
Frage 41
Frage
Which amino acid has the ADP(s) added?
Antworten
-
Lysine
-
Glutamine
-
Valine
Frage 42
Frage
ADP ribose can be addded to ADP ribose in straight or branched chains
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 43
Frage
What is the role of glutamic acid ADP ribosylation?
Antworten
-
Happens to linker histones
-
Happens to open stretches of DNA
-
Recognised by DNA damage response proteins
-
Recognised by silencing proteins
Frage 44
Frage
Name the 3 enzymes used in the addition of Ubiquitin
Antworten
-
E1- Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme
-
E1- Ubiquitin Activating Enzyme
-
E2- Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme
-
U2- Ubiquitin Ligase
-
U3- Ubiquitin Activating Enzyme
-
U3- Ubiquitin Ligase
Frage 45
Frage
De-Ubiquitinating Enzyme removes Ubiquitin
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 46
Frage
What type of bond forms between Ubiquitin and the target residue?
Antworten
-
Thio-ester, between the COOH of the ubiquitin and the lysine on the target protein
-
Isopeptide, between the COOH of the ubiquitin and the lysine on the target protein
-
Disulphide, between the COOH of the ubiquitin and the lysine on the target protein
Frage 47
Frage
Ubiquitinated lysine 63 are open and flexible and acts a signalling site for complex formation
Ubiquitinated lysine 48 are compact and mark the protein for destruction
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 48
Frage
What is the first step of ubiquitination?
Antworten
-
Ubiquitin is activated by ATP hydrolysis
-
Ubiquitin is activated by GTP hydrolysis
-
Ubiquitin is activated by UTP hydrolysis
Frage 49
Frage
Once Ub has been activated, what enzyme does it bind to, and what bond forms?
Antworten
-
Thio-ester
-
Peptide
-
E1
-
E2
Frage 50
Frage
The Ub is then passed on to..
Antworten
-
E1
-
E2
-
E3
Frage 51
Frage
What is the role of E3?
Antworten
-
Binding of an E2-Ub complex
-
Binding on an E1-Ub complex
-
Binds to substrate protein & transfers ubiquitin to amino group of lysine
Frage 52
Frage
Protein specificity for Ubiquitination lives in E2
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 53
Frage
How many versions of E1 are there?
Antworten
-
1
-
2
-
3
Frage 54
Frage
There are 35 versions of E2
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 55
Frage
How many E3's are there?
Antworten
-
1
-
10's
-
100's
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