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The great natural harbor of Constantinople through which the city became rich and powerful:
[blank_start]Golden Horn[blank_end]
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"image-breaking": [blank_start]iconoclasm[blank_end]
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The rejection of the use of images depicting holy people and things as idolatry as well as the destruction of such images:
[blank_start]iconoclasm[blank_end]
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"right-teaching"
[blank_start]orthodox[blank_end]
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Capitalized, this word came to refer to the Eastern branch of Christianity:
[blank_start]Orthodox[blank_end]
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The Arabic name for Spain or Iberia:
[blank_start]Al[blank_end]-[blank_start]Andalus[blank_end]
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Title given to Charlemagne by the pope on Christmas Day, 800:
[blank_start]Emperor of the Romans[blank_end]
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An official appointed by Charlemagne as the governor of a province or region:
[blank_start]count[blank_end]
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Latin meaning "companion":
[blank_start]comes[blank_end]
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Monk of the Abbey of Jarrow in northern England, author of The Ecclesiastical History of the English People:
[blank_start]St Bede the Venerable[blank_end]
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Eastern Roman emperor who defeated the Muslims and stopped their advance into Europe - then became an advocate of the heresy of iconoclasm:
[blank_start]Leo III[blank_end]
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Arabic Muslim conqueror of Iberia:
[blank_start]Tarik[blank_end]
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First king of the Asturias, commander of Christian resistance against Muslim conquerors:
[blank_start]Don Pelayo[blank_end]
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"Charles the Hammer", mayor of the palace, victor at Tours:
[blank_start]Charles Martel[blank_end]
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Son of Charles Martel, first Carolingian king of the Franks:
[blank_start]Pepin the Short[blank_end]
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Apostle to the Germans, crowned Pepin the Short king of the Franks:
[blank_start]St Boniface[blank_end]
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"Charlemagne" - son of Pepin the Short, king of the Franks and Emperor of the Romans:
[blank_start]Charles the Great[blank_end]
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English monk and scholar; Charlemagne's supervisor of schools and teacher at the royal court:
[blank_start]Alcuin[blank_end]
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Troops moving at the head of an army:
[blank_start]vanguard[blank_end]
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A mixture of chemicals not exactly known to modern science; was shot as a liquid out of a pumped cannon and caught fire as soon as it was wetted:
[blank_start]Greek fire[blank_end]
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Encouraging resistance to or an uprising against the government or other lawful authority:
[blank_start]sedition[blank_end]
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To restore to a peaceful state; to subdue:
[blank_start]pacify[blank_end]
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a governor who rules in place of a king:
[blank_start]viceroy[blank_end]
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Lands ruled by a duke:
[blank_start]duchy[blank_end]
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Peaceful:
[blank_start]pacific[blank_end]
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The society and culture of Europe, formed and founded on the Christian Faith:
[blank_start]Christendom[blank_end]