Karteikarten
Lecture 1 PMB
Karten in diesem Stapel (11)
- 1Robert Hookebuilt a compound microscope that allowed him to see fruiting bodies of molds
published his observations in Micrographia - 2Anton van Leeuwenhoekmade a simple microscope with much greater magnification and resolution than Hooke's
made first recorded observation of bacteria (1684) - 3spontaneous generationthe idea that microbes were generated from non-living matter
non-boiled broth becomes contaminated
--> new idea that spontaneous generation requires air - 4Louis Pasteur Pasteur Experiment (1864)pour nonsterile liquid into flask --> draw out neck of flask in flame --> sterilize liquid by heating --> liquid will remain sterile for a long time UNLESS flask tipped to contact microbes in bend of neck
proved spontaneous generation wrong, evidence that microbes have parents too! - 5Pasteur's observations about microbes' role in fermentation--> a byproduct of fermentation, amyl alcohol, only in one optical isomer
ALSO
1) Diff microbes present when a fermentation right vs. wrong
2) Complex compounds present that were not predicted by simple chemical breakdown of sugar - 6Robert Kochfirst person to grow microbes on a solidified nutrient medium (agar plate)
studied anthrax (caused by B. anthracis)
--> grew B. anthracis in a nutrient medium, showed bacteria could still cause disease even after growth outside of host
--> used same methods to link M. tuberculosis to tuberculosis disease - 7Germ theoryin contrast with "noxious air" miasma theory of disease, this connected disease to microbes --> improved sanitation efforts, better hospital practices
- 8Koch's Postulates1) suspected pathogen present in ALL cases of disease + absent from healthy
2) suspected pathogen must be grown in pure culture
3) cells from the pure culture must cause
disease in a healthy animal
4) suspected pathogen must be reisolated + shown to be the same as the original - 9Martinus Beijerinckworked with enrichment cultures: start with environmental sample, inoculate into selective medium --> when organisms grow, transfer and repeat until pure culture is obtained
- 10autotrophsacquire carbon from CO2 in air
(auto vs hetero deals with CARBON SOURCE) - 11N2 fixing bacteriaconvert N2 to NH3 to be used by plants and animals
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- History of Microbiology
- Erstellt von
- Candice Young · Dez 2017
- Aktualisiert
- 9 Dez 2017
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- 9
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