Karteikarten
UK Politics - Question Prompts
Karten in diesem Stapel (42)
- 1FOR representative democracy1) PRACTICAL (allows fast decision making, coherent pluralism)
2) MINORITIES PROTECTED (no 'tyranny of the majority')
3) WELL INFORMED (politicians take holistic view) - 2AGAINST representative democracy1) PRACTICAL (votes unequal, low participation)
2) MINORITIES PROTECTED (politicians only accountable to majority in election)
3) WELL INFORMED (politicians loyal to party/ self-interested) - 3FOR crisis of democracy1) PARTICIPATION (low turnouts, apathy)
2) REPRESENTATION (FPTP, houses not representative of population)
3) ACCOUNTABILITY (HofL, judges unnacountable)
4) PROTECTION OF RIGHTS (HRA not entrenched)
[limited media] - 4AGAINST crisis of democracy1) PARTICIPATION (alternatives to voting)
2) REPRESENTATION (close constituency links, minorities have representation)
3) ACCOUNTABILITY (HofL & court reform, parliament sovereign)
4) PROTECTION OF RIGHTS (judicial review)
[free media] - 5FOR participation crisis1) TURNOUTS (low especially in second order)
2) PARTY MEMBERSHIP (low for 2 main)
3) APATHY (passive participation, lack of engagement/trust) - 6AGAINST participation crisis1) TURNOUTS (increasing, alternative participation)
2) PARTY MEMBERSHIP (^ small parties and pressure groups)
3) APATHY (high turnout at referendums, hapathy, social media engagement) - 7FOR pressure groups1) INCREASE PARTICIPATION (single-issue, anyone can join, active throughout 4 years)
2) EDUCATE PUBLIC AND GOV. (free independent information, lobbying)
3) DISPERSE POWER (minority rights) - 8AGAINST success of pressure groups1) RESOURCES (less money, fewer employees, fewer members)
2) TACTICS/LEADERSHIP (weak leadership, hyper-plurality)
3) PUBLIC SUPPORT (agenda outside public opinion)
4) GOV. ATTITUDES (outside gov. agenda)
[think tanks ideas ignored, corporations, + lobbyists seen as illegitimate] - 9AGAINST pressure groups1) INCREASE PARTICIPATION (chequebook participation, ineffective)
2) EDUCATE PUBLIC AND GOV. (unwarranted influence, misinformation, self-interested)
3) DISPERSE POWER (concentrate to most resources, unaccountable, tyranny of minority) - 10FOR success of pressure groups1) RESOURCES (large membership = more money + larger size ∴ more influence)
2) TACTICS/LEADERSHIP (access points and collaboration)
3) PUBLIC SUPPORT (agenda w/ public opinion)
4) GOV. ATTITUDES (insider contacts)
[role of think tanks, corporations, + lobbyists] - 11FOR rights in the UK1) JUDICIAL REVIEW/ HRA (legislation comply with ECHR)
2) PRESSURE GROUPS (protect those without voice)
3) PARLIAMENTARY SOVEREIGNTY (rights suspended in emergency) - 12AGAINST rights in the UK1) JUDICIAL REVIEW (judge made privacy laws)
2) PRESSURE GROUPS (conflict with gov.)
3) PARLIAMENTARY SOVEREIGNTY (suspend rights unnecessarily) - 13FOR importance of parties1) REPRESENTATION (con & middle, older; lab & working, younger, minorities)
2) PARTICIPATION (membership, stand for election, educate and make issues clear)
3) GOVERNING (create policy, provide ministers, easy elections) - 14AGAINST importance of parties1) REPRESENTATION (have to pick whole manifesto, simplifies issues)
2) PARTICIPATION (expensive, passive participation)
3) GOVERNING (can lose support or distort policy, mandate on small support) - 15FOR state party funding1) POLITICAL EQUALITY (smaller parties can grow)
2) TRANSPARENCY (less questions of corruption)
3) PERFORMANCE (more time for policy development)
[gov. match donations?] - 16AGAINST state party funding1) POLITICAL EQUALITY (how allocated? tax goes to all parties [personal preference])
2) TRANSPARENCY (lose independence)
3) PERFORMANCE (lose link to population, less accountable) - 17FOR importance of smaller parties1) PARTICIPATION (% vote rising, encourage participation of young or disillusioned)
2) REPRESENTATION (encouraging consensus when minority gov.)
3) ACCOUNTABILITY (push larger parties to adopt policies) - 18AGAINST importance of smaller parties1) PARTICIPATION (vote share decreasing)
2) REPRESENTATION (regional limited support)
3) ACCOUNTABILITY (regional can vote on English laws) - 19FOR Labour has returned to its original ideological position1) SOCIAL POLICY (education, healthcare, crime)
2) ECONOMIC POLICY (tax, welfare)
3) NATIONALISATION (rail, electricity)
[wide party and public support] - 20AGAINST Labour has returned to its original ideological position1) SOCIAL POLICY (New Labour never deviated)
2) ECONOMIC POLICY (but FOREIGN POLICY hugely different from Old Labour)
3) NATIONALISATION
[MPs don't support this change; public support may decrease] - 21FOR all parties support liberal ideas1) CAPITALISM (support free market and wealth creation)
2) WELFARE (protect or enhance welfare state while in office)
3) SOCIAL POLICY (freedom of individuals/ communities)
[post-Thatcherite consensus) - 22AGAINST all parties support liberal ideas1) CAPITALISM (Labour reverting back)
2) WELFARE (Con. some privatisation, cuts)
3) SOCIAL POLICY (some 'liberal' policies reduce freedom, Con. reject penal reform) - 23FOR electoral reform1) GOVERNING (winners bonus, recent minorities/coalitions)
2) PARTICIPATION (votes are unequal and choice is limited; turnout low)
3) ACCOUNTABILITY (safe seats)
[political inequality for smaller parties] - 24AGAINST electoral reform1) GOVERNING (promotes 2 party; strong decisive government with mandate)
2) PARTICIPATION (fast and simple)
3) ACCOUNTABILITY (strong link between MPs and voters)
[extremists excluded & small parties don't have undue power] - 25FOR referendums1) UNITARY (mend political/social rifts)
2) PROVIDE CONSENT (esp. constitutional changes or close issues)
3) PURE DEMOCRACY (no representatives distorting view) - 26AGAINST referendums1) UNITARY (can split society, some choices shouldn't be binary)
2) PROVIDE CONSENT (tyranny of the majority, not consent of all)
3) PURE DEMOCRACY (lied to in campaigns, ill informed, undermine parliament) - 27FOR class is the major social factor1) AGE (reflects class, old more likely to own property)
2) ETHNICITY (established groups vote with class, strong class differences)
3) REGION (reflects class differences)
[other factors show same trend within gender - indicates unimportant] - 28AGAINST class is the major social factor1) AGE (about policy difference/ experience)
2) ETHNICITY (education, policy/perceptions important)
3) REGION (turnout large factor here) - 29FOR social factors most important1) MEDIA (low influence, confirm rather than change, TV balanced, opinion polls)
2) VALENCE (perspective + experience decided by social factors, people becoming more educated and engaged)
3) ISSUE (concerns decided by demographics) - 30AGAINST social factors most important1) MEDIA (change perspectives of parties/ leaders)
2) VALENCE (governing competence, unity, leadership)
3) ISSUE (change election on election)
[partisan dealignment, more fluidity] - 31FOR Conservatives in line with New Right1) ECONOMIC (austerity)
2) WELFARE (reduce benefits/ dependency culture, privatisation of NHS)
3) SOCIAL/LAW AND ORDER (family life and education)
4) FOREIGN POLICY (strong links w/ US, euroscepticism for sovereignty, protect on threats abroad)
[divisions in party over Europe] - 32AGAINST Conservatives in line with New Right1) ECONOMIC ()
2) WELFARE ()
3) SOCIAL/LAW AND ORDER (liberal, 'Big Society [one-nation], rehabilitation)
4) FOREIGN POLICY () - 33FOR sucess of parties1) LEADERSHIP (dominant and clear leader, charisma, strong in crisis)
2) UNITY
3) MEDIA (media image and campaigns)
[wide attractive policy, likely to form strong gov.] - 34AGAINST success of parties1) LEADERSHIP (weak leader, no direction)
2) UNITY
3) MEDIA (poor performaFnce in debates, slashing campaigns, scandals)
[niche policy, perception that they cannot win or govern/wasted vote] - 35FOR UK elections enhance democracy1) REPRESENTATION (choose someone to represent their interests in parliament)
2) CHOOSE A GOV. (give legitimacy to leaders & mandate for policy)
3) ACCOUNTABILITY (can vote out if unhappy, gov. and MPs)
4) PARTICIPATION (opportunity to involve in politics and educate, smaller parties & pressure groups show policy preference) - 36AGAINST UK elections enhance democracy1) REPRESENTATION (not representative of society or local views)
2) CHOOSE A GOV. (small majorities and coalitions)
3) ACCOUNTABILITY (party leaders unaccountable)
4) PARTICIPATION (participation low, info misleading) - 37FOR electoral reform1) PROPORTIONALITY (FPTP winners bonus; AMS, STV better + no tactical vote)
2) VOTER CHOICE (FPTP one rep. per party, choice in AMS = split ticket & STV [multiple rep. per party])
3) CANDIDATE TO REPRESENTATIVE LINK (FPTP wasted votes + safe seats, link kept in AMS + STV no safe seats, appeal to all)
4) STRONG GOV. (FPTP weak recently; AMS clear winner, STV powersharing encourage consensual governing) - 38AGAINST electoral reform1) PROPORTIONALITY (PR gives small parties too much power)
2) VOTER CHOICE (AMS closed list = party manipulation)
3) CANDIDATE TO REPRESENTATIVE LINK (lost in STV, AMS creates 2 MP types)
4) STRONG GOV. (FPTP excludes extremism, STV rivalries + slow gov formation)
[speed/simplicity of FPTP] - 39FOR PR creates very different outcomes1) PARTY SYSTEM (^ coalitions, ^ small parties)
2) CONSENSUAL POLICIES
3) REPRESENTATION IN PARLIAMENT (greater voter choice) - 40AGAINST PR creates very different outcomes1) PARTY SYSTEM (FPTP created coalitions recently, AMS in Scotland majority)
2) CONSENSUAL POLICIES (conflict in NI, PT consensus)
3) REPRESENTATION (^ for FPTP recently) - 41FOR policies largest factor in election outcome1) LEADER
2) CAMPAIGN (inc. media)
3) POLITICAL CONTEXT - 42FOR policies largest factor in election outcome1) LEADER
2) CAMPAIGN (inc. media)
3) CONTEXT
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- A level Government and Politics (UK Politics) Karteikarten am UK Politics - Question Prompts, erstellt von Alix Humbles am 23/05/2018.
- Erstellt von
- Alix Humbles · Mai 2018
- Aktualisiert
- 30 Nov 2018
- Aufrufe
- 29
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