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EMT 24
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Questions in this quiz (62)
1A 17-year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation with a gang member. As your partner is applying 100% oxygen, you perform a rapid secondary assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should:
- Aplace a sterile dressing over the wound and apply direct pressure.
- Bcontrol the bleeding from the wound and prepare to transport at once.
- Capply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment.
- Ddirect your partner to assist the patient's ventilations with a bag-mask device.
2A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover _____ of his BSA.
- A18%
- B27%
- C36%
- D45%
3A 30-year-old male experienced a crushing injury when his arm was trapped between the back of a truck and a loading dock. Upon your arrival, the man's arm has been freed. Your assessment reveals that his arm is obviously deformed and swollen and is cold and pale. Further assessment reveals an absent radial pulse. You should be MOST concerned that this patient has:
- Ainternal hemorrhage.
- Bcompartment syndrome.
- Ca severe closed fracture.
- Ddamage to the radial nerve.
4A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, how you should care for his wound?
- AIrrigate it with sterile water and cover it with a dry dressing.
- BCover the exposed bowel and keep his legs in a straight position.
- CCarefully replace the exposed bowel into the abdomen and transport.
- DCover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing.
5A 38-year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should:
- Abegin CPR and apply the AED.
- Bbegin CPR and transport at once.
- Cassess for entry and exit wounds.
- Dfully immobilize his spinal column.
6A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused, has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead, and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should:
- Aperform a neurologic exam.
- Bpalpate his radial pulses.
- Cadminister high-flow oxygen.
- Dapply ice to the hematoma.
7A 5-year-old female pulled a pot of boiling water from the stove. She has superficial and partial-thickness burns to her head and anterior trunk. What percentage of her body surface area has been burned?
- A18%
- B27%
- C30%
- D36%
8A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should:
- Acarefully probe the wound to determine if the bleeding is venous or arterial.
- Bcarefully remove the avulsed flap and wrap it in a moist, sterile trauma dressing.
- Creplace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing.
- Dthoroughly irrigate the wound with sterile water and cover it with a sterile dressing.
9A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a:
- Athird-degree burn.
- Bfirst-degree burn.
- Csecond-degree burn
- Dpartial-thickness burn
10A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n):
- Aabrasion.
- Bcontusion.
- Chematoma.
- Dcrush injury.
11A construction worker fell approximately 30′ and landed in a pile of steel rods. Your assessment reveals that he is pulseless and apneic and has a 10″ steel rod impaled in his left leg. You should:
- Acontrol the bleeding, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), stabilize the steel rod, immobilize his spine, and transport immediately.
- Bremove the steel rod, control the bleeding, apply an automated external defibrillator (AED), begin CPR, and transport to a trauma center.
- Cstabilize the steel rod, control the bleeding, begin CPR, and rapidly transport to a trauma center.
- Dcontrol the bleeding, carefully remove the steel rod, begin CPR, and transport as soon as possible.
12A hematoma develops when:
- Asmall amounts of blood leak into the epidermis.
- Blarge blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged
- Csevere swelling compromises arterial circulation.
- Dcells and small vessels in the dermis are damaged.
13A laceration:
- Ais a sharp, smooth cut that is made by a surgical scalpel.
- Bis an injury that separates various layers of soft tissue.
- Cis a jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma.
- Drarely penetrates through the subcutaneous tissue to the muscle.
14A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the:
- Aepidermis.
- Bfatty layer.
- Cmuscle fascia.
- Ddermal layer.
15A teenage boy who was involved in a bicycle accident has a puncture wound where the bicycle kickstand impaled his leg. The MOST appropriate method for treating this injury is to:
- Aremove the kickstand in a circular motion and apply a dry, sterile dressing.
- Bcut the kickstand off just above the skin, and stabilize it with sterile dressings.
- Cleave the kickstand attached to the bike until the physician can remove it safely.
- Dunbolt the kickstand from the bike frame and stabilize it with bulky dressings.
16A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20′ and is lying unconscious on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should:
- Arapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live.
- Bapply insulated gloves and assume manual control of his c-spine.
- Cquickly but carefully move the patient away from the power line
- Dmanually stabilize his head as your partner assesses for breathing.
17According to the rule of palm method for estimating the extent of a patient's burns, the palm of the patient's hand is equal to _____ of his or her total BSA.
- A1%
- B2%
- C4%
- D6%
18All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, EXCEPT for the:
- Alips.
- Bnose.
- Canus.
- Dmouth.
19An 8-year-old male was bitten by a stray dog. He has a large laceration to the back of his left hand, which your partner covered with a sterile dressing and bandage. In addition to transporting the child to the hospital, you should:
- Aadminister oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.
- Bask the child's father to try to locate the dog.
- Cadvise the child that he will need rabies shots.
- Dreport the incident to the appropriate authorities.
20An abdominal evisceration:
- Ais most commonly the result of blunt force trauma.
- Bshould be covered with bulky dry, sterile dressings.
- Coften causes severe hypothermia because of heat loss.
- Doccurs when organs protrude through an open wound.
21An injury that separates various layers of soft tissue, resulting in complete detachment or a flap of skin, is called a(n):
- Aincision.
- Bavulsion.
- Claceration.
- Damputation.
22As you approach a young male who was involved in an industrial accident, you note that his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right leg. You should:
- Aopen his airway and assess his breathing status.
- Bperform an immediate head-to-toe assessment.
- Cassess his pulse for rate, regularity, and quality.
- Dapply high-flow oxygen and assess his injuries.
23Burns are classified according to:
- Adepth and extent.
- Blocation and pain.
- Cdegree and location.
- Dextent and location.
24Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because:
- Apediatric patients are more prone to hyperthermia.
- Bmost burns in children are the result of child abuse.
- Cpediatric patients have a proportionately larger volume of blood.
- Dpediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.
25Common signs and symptoms of an airway burn include all of the following, EXCEPT:
- Ahoarseness.
- Bchest pressure.
- Csinged nasal hair.
- Dsoot around the mouth.
26During an altercation in a bar, two patrons got into a fist fight. The first patient, a 44-year-old female, was struck in the mouth and refuses EMS care. The second patient, a 39-year-old female, has a small laceration to her left knuckle and also refuses EMS care. Which of the following statements regarding this scenario is MOST correct?
- AYou should contact the police and have the patients arrested.
- BThe 39-year-old female is at high risk for an infection.
- CThe patient struck in the mouth should be immobilized.
- DThe 44-year-old female is at high risk for an infection.
27During the normal wound healing process, bleeding may occur from even a minor injury because:
- Athere is a substantial decrease in the number of platelets in and around the wound, which increases the risk of bleeding.
- Bhistamines released by the immune system constrict the blood vessels, which increases the pressure within them.
- Cnew capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries.
- Dbacteria and other microorganisms invade the wound site and damage the capillaries, which makes them more prone to bleeding.
28During your assessment of a 22-year-old male who was assaulted, you note widespread contusions and abrasions to his face, chest, and abdomen. His pulse is rapid and weak, and his skin is cool and clammy. You should:
- Aperform a focused physical exam of his abdomen.
- Badminister oxygen and prepare for rapid transport.
- Cplace him in a sitting position and give him oxygen.
- Dconclude that he is experiencing intracranial bleeding.
29During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is MOST consistent with a:
- Ahandgun.
- Bshotgun.
- C.22-caliber pistol.
- D.357 magnum.
30Functions of dressings and bandages include all of the following, EXCEPT:
- Aimmobilization of the injury.
- Bprevention of contamination.
- Cprotection from further injury.
- Dcontrol of external hemorrhage.
31Functions of the skin include all of the following, EXCEPT:
- Amaintenance of water balance.
- Bregulation of body temperature.
- Cthe production of key antibodies.
- Dsending information to the brain.
32In addition to external bleeding, the MOST significant risk that an open soft-tissue injury exposes a patient to is:
- Ainfection.
- Bhypothermia.
- Cnerve damage.
- Dvessel damage.
33In addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is:
- Aan air embolism.
- Ba spinal fracture.
- Can ischemic stroke.
- Dnerve fiber damage.
34In contrast to animal bites, the bite of a human:
- Ais usually less severe because the human mouth is cleaner.
- Btypically results in a minor infection that is slow-spreading.
- Ccarries with it a wide variety of virulent bacteria and viruses.
- Dis associated with a much higher incidence of rabies infection.
35In order for electricity to flow through the body and cause damage:
- Aan insulator must exist between the electrical source and the patient.
- Ba complete circuit must exist between the electrical source and the ground.
- Cthe part of the body that is in contact with the electrical source must be dry.
- Dthe person must make direct physical contact with the source of electricity.
36In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object?
- Aa semiconscious patient with an ice pick impaled in the chest
- Ban apneic patient with a shard of glass impaled in the abdomen
- Ca pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back
- Da conscious and alert patient with a fishhook impaled in the eye
37Patients with full-thickness (third-degree) burns generally do not complain of pain because:
- Ablister formation protects the burn.
- Bhe or she is generally not conscious.
- Cthe nerve endings have been destroyed.
- Dsubcutaneous vessels are usually clotted.
38The germinal layer of the epidermis contains pigment granules that are responsible for skin:
- Acolor.
- Btexture.
- Cmoisture.
- Dtemperature.
39The hallmark sign of compartment syndrome is:
- Aa lack of pain despite the severity of the injury.
- Bextreme redness to the injury site.
- Ca bounding pulse distal to the injury.
- Dpain out of proportion to the injury
40The sebaceous glands produce sebum, a material that:
- Afacilitates shedding of the epidermis.
- Bpulls the hair erect when you are cold.
- Cdischarges sweat onto the skin's surface.
- Dwaterproofs the skin and keeps it supple.
41What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body?
- Adermis
- Bepidermis
- Cmuscular layer
- Dsubcutaneous layer
42When a person is exposed to a cold environment:
- Asweat is produced and is warmed when the vessels constrict.
- Bblood vessels dilate and divert blood to the core of the body.
- Cthe skin becomes flushed secondary to peripheral vasodilation.
- Dperipheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin.
43When assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue injury, it is MOST important to:
- Amanipulate the injury site for signs of a fracture.
- Bassess circulation distal to the site of the injury.
- Cremain alert for more severe underlying injuries.
- Drecognize that the integrity of the skin is broken.
44When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should:
- Adeactivate the chemical with a 5% vinegar solution.
- Bquickly irrigate the arm with large amounts of water.
- Cuse forceful streams of water to remove the chemical.
- Dbrush away the chemical before flushing with water.
45When treating a partial-thickness burn, you should:
- Aimmerse the affected part in warm water.
- Brupture any blisters to prevent an infection
- Ccover the burn with a moist, sterile dressing
- Davoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics.
46Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin?
- Ascalp
- Bback
- Cears
- Dsoles of the feet
47Which of the following is a severe burn in a 2-year-old child?
- Asuperficial burn that covers 25% of the BSA
- Bany full-thickness burn, regardless of its location on the body
- Cpartial-thickness burn that covers 10% of the BSA
- Dany burn that involves the arms, legs, or posterior part of the body
48Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35-year-old patient?
- Acircumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest
- Bfull-thickness burn to 5% of the body surface area (BSA)
- Cpartial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA
- Dsuperficial burn covering 50% of the BSA
49Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient?
- Asuperficial burn to 30% of the BSA
- Bfull-thickness burn to 1% of the BSA
- Cpartial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA
- Dsecond-degree burn covering 10% of the BSA
50Which of the following is of LEAST importance when initially assessing the severity of a burn?
- Aarea(s) burned
- Bage of the patient
- Cpast medical history
- Dknown drug allergies
51Which of the following open soft-tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss?
- Aavulsion
- Babrasion
- Cincision
- Dlaceration
52Which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process?
- AThe immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling.
- BWhite blood cells are forced away from the injury site, thus allowing an increase in the flow of red blood cells, resulting in increased blood flow.
- CThe blood vessels in and around the injury site constrict, which forces bacteria and other microorganisms away, thus preventing significant infection.
- DThe veins and arteries at the injury site constrict and platelets aggregate, which stops bleeding and causes a temporary increase in the size of the wound.
53Which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct?
- AWith crush syndrome, massive blood vessel damage occurs following severe soft-tissue injuries, such as amputation of an extremity.
- BCompromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours.
- CTissue damage that occurs in crush syndrome is severe, but kidney injury is unlikely because toxins are quickly eliminated from the body.
- DProvided that a patient with a crush injury is freed from entrapment within 6 hours, the amount of tissue damaged is generally minimal.
54Which of the following statements regarding electrical burns is correct?
- AEntrance wounds are small relative to the amount of internal tissue damage.
- BRespiratory or cardiac arrest following an electrical burn is very uncommon.
- CThe exit wound caused by electrical burns is smaller than the entrance wound.
- DThe size of the entry and exit wounds is a reliable indicator of internal damage.
55Which of the following statements regarding penetrating injuries is correct?
- AExternal bleeding may be minimal but internal injuries can be extensive.
- BThe degree of internal injury can often be estimated by the external injury.
- CIt is important to distinguish between entrance and exit wounds in the field.
- DThe depth of a penetrating injury should be thoroughly assessed by the EMT.
56Which of the following statements regarding severe burns is correct?
- ASevere burns involving the airway have a 100% mortality rate.
- BThe majority of severe burns involve full-thickness burns only.
- CPatients with severe burns are especially prone to hyperthermia.
- DSevere burns are typically a combination of all degrees of burn.
57Which of the following statements regarding the dermis is correct?
- AThe dermis produces a substance that provides color to the skin.
- BThe dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings.
- CThe cells of the dermis are worn away and are constantly replaced.
- DThe dermis lies above the germinal layer and provides protection.
58Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct?
- AA child's head is equal to 14% of his or her total BSA.
- BThe anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA.
- CThe posterior of a child's leg is equal to 13.5% of the BSA.
- DThe anterior arm in the adult is equal to 9% of the total BSA.
59With regard to the pediatric rule of nines, the:
- Ahead is proportionately smaller than an adult's.
- Bthorax is proportionately larger than an adult's.
- Clegs are proportionately smaller than an adult's
- Darms are proportionately larger than an adult's.
60You and your partner arrive at the scene of a house fire where fire fighters have rescued a 50-year-old male from his burning house. The patient has superficial and partial-thickness burns to his face and chest. His nasal hairs are singed and he is coughing up sooty sputum. You should be MOST concerned with:
- Atreating him for hypothermia.
- Bpreventing the risk of infection.
- Cestimating the extent of his burns.
- Dthe potential for airway swelling.
61You are assessing a 30-year-old woman with multiple large bruises to her chest and abdomen that she experienced during an assault. She is conscious but restless, and her skin is cool and pale. You should be MOST concerned with:
- Aperforming a detailed secondary assessment to locate all of her injuries.
- Bassessing the bruises that overlie major organs in the chest and abdomen.
- Cthe fact that her clinical signs could indicate that she is bleeding internally.
- Dobtaining a complete set of vital signs to rule out the possibility of shock.
62You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should:
- Aremove the bandage and dressing and apply another one.
- Bcarefully manipulate her arm until the symptoms subside.
- Cassess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed.
- Dremove the gauze bandage and replace it with an elastic one.
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- EMT-B EMT Quiz on EMT 24, created by Seth Weaver on 12/06/2018.
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- Seth Weaver
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