Quiz
Osmoregulation
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Questions in this quiz (18)
1Osmoregulation is the process of maintaining [blank_start]water[blank_end] balance
- Awater
2Land based animals are able to retain water longer and more efficiently than water-based animals
- ATrue
- BFalse
3- Water-based animals have plenty of available water and can dilute their nitrogenous waste easily. In this case, they produce [blank_start]ammonia.[blank_end]
- Those that are land based but live near water produce [blank_start]urea.[blank_end]
- Those that go long periods of time without water produce [blank_start]uric acid.[blank_end]- Aammonia.
- Burea.
- Curic acid.
4Water and solutes can all move into an out of an organism as a result of c[blank_start]oncentration[blank_end] g[blank_start]radients[blank_end]
- Aoncentration
- Bradients
5- If the animal lives in the ocean they will have to deal with high levels of salt outside their body - which would create an osmotic gradient causing water to want to rush out of the body.
- If the animal lives in fresh water they will have to deal with very low levels of solutes - which would create an osmotic gradient causing solutes to want to rush [blank_start]out of[blank_end] the body.- Aout of
- Bin to
6An osmo regulator is an organism who adapts the temperature of their external environment
- ATrue
- BFalse
7An osmo conformer is an organism who adapts the temperature of their external environment
- ATrue
- BFalse
8Osmo conformers conserve energy
- ATrue
- BFalse
9Osmo regulators maintain a stable internal balance
- ATrue
- BFalse
10- Osmo regulators must be able to get rid of (or take up) any excess [blank_start]salts[blank_end]. In humans, we get rid of excess salt via our [blank_start]urine[blank_end] and uptake more salt through [blank_start]eating and drinking.[blank_end]
- Osmo regulators also use up a considerable amount of energy maintaining the osmotic gradient via [blank_start]active[blank_end] transport. If this didn't happen, water would come rushing out of the body and the organism would die quickly.- Asalts
- Burine
- Ceating and drinking
- Dactive
- Epassive
11What adaptions do marine organisms make to regulate water levels?
- AImpermeable coating of scales
- BTissues Tolerant to Water Loss
- CLow kidney filtration rate
- DActive secretion of extra salts
12Animals in freshwater are continually faced with water moving [blank_start]into[blank_end] their bodies (the water is hypotonic to their internal environment).
As such, an impermeable barrier-like fish scales [blank_start]restricts[blank_end] water intake to permeable areas (thus reducing water gain and solute loss).
Usually have a [blank_start]high[blank_end] uptake of salts through their gills in order to keep the necessary solute concentrations high inside the organism.
Freshwater organisms have a very high [blank_start]kidney[blank_end] filtration rate and produce a large volume of of dilute urine. Due to the release of this volume of water, toxic [blank_start]ammonia[blank_end] can be safely washed from the body and no further energy is required to convert the ammonia to a less toxic form.- Ainto
- Bout of
- Crestricts
- Dpermits
- Ehigh
- Flow
- Gkidney
- Hammonia
13Terrestrial Organism Adaptions:
- AWaterproof Outer Surface
- BImpermeable coating of scales
- CReduction in Kidney Filtration Rate
- DModification of Behaviour
- EHigh kidney filtration rate
- FUsing Metabolic Waste Produced in Cellular Respiration
- GTissues Tolerant to Water Loss
14[blank_start]Waterproof Outer Surface:[blank_end] Skin, scales, or skeleton
[blank_start]Reduction in Kidney Filtration Rate:[blank_end] Lower filtration rate causes less water loss. Kidneys also reabsorb a large amount of water from urine.
[blank_start]Modification of Behaviour:[blank_end] Such as burrowing during the day and going into aestivation during drought (less heat, less water loss).
[blank_start]Using Metabolic Waste[blank_end] Produced in Cellular Respiration: Water is released in cellular respiration more from fat than carbohydrates. Some animals store fat to produce more water this way.
[blank_start]Tissues Tolerant to Water Loss:[blank_end] In the camel, for example, the fat stored in the hump allows a high level of production of metabolic water. The camel can survive long periods without water because its tissues can withstand higher levels of dehydration than other animals.- AWaterproof Outer Surface:
- BReduction in Kidney Filtration Rate:
- CUsing Metabolic Waste
- DModification of Behaviour:
- ETissues Tolerant to Water Loss:
15What is responsible for the reabsorption of water in mammals?
[blank_start]ADH[blank_end]- AADH
16What is the key component in the reabsorption of water in the kidney?
[blank_start]The loop of henley[blank_end]- AThe loop of henley
17The smaller the loop of henley, the more water can be absorbed.
- ATrue
- BFalse
18[blank_start]2.[blank_end] ADH will then travel via the blood to the [blank_start]kidney[blank_end] where it will stimulate the distil proximal tubes and collecting ducts of the nephron to become [blank_start]more[blank_end] permeable to water. The result of which is more water being absorbed from the urine and being kept in the body.
[blank_start]4.[blank_end] In this way, a hormone, [blank_start]ADH[blank_end] controls the water balance in a mammal.
[blank_start]3.[blank_end] Retaining this water helps to [blank_start]restore[blank_end] the balance of water within the organism. After which, the receptor cells in the hypothalamus will slow (or switch off) ADH production in the [blank_start]pituitary gland[blank_end].
[blank_start]1.[blank_end] When an animal has lost a lot of water, the amount of intercellular and extracellular fluid [blank_start]decreases[blank_end]. This also causes the animal to have low blood pressure. This drop in blood pressure is detected by cells in the hypothalamus which causes the pituitary gland to release ADH.- A2.
- B4.
- C3.
- D1.
- Ekidney
- Fmore
- GADH
- Hrestore
- Ipituitary gland
- Jdecreases
Information
- Description
- Week 6
- Author
- Hannah W
- Language
- English
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- 11
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