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CHAPTER 6

Planning lessons and courses

Important points for a Lesson Plan

Planning is imagining the lesson before it happens.

The Process of Learning

Sequencing lesson components

Formal lesson planning

Lesson Aims

Alternatives to formal planning

Planning a course

Prediction

Anticipation

Sequencing

Organizing

Simplifying

Involves

Atmosphere

The aims

The task and teaching procedures

Materials

The learners

The teaching point

The challenge

Classroom management

Input

Learning

Use

Restricted Exposure

SS learn specific language points.

Authentic Exposure

Exposure to language when it is being used fairly naturally.

For example:

-Read magazines. watching English films, listening the radio.

-Understanding

-Memory

-Reflection

Noticing: Is seeing or having one's attetion drawn to the meaning or use of language items.

Example: When a learner is reading a text, she stops and thinks "I've seen this structure before..."

Restricted Exposure

Clarification

Restricted Output

Preparing

(to speak/write)

Restricted OUTPUT

Authentic OUTPUT

Speaking or writing using the full range of language learners.

Example: Discussions, Meetings or Writing a postcard.

Learners get a chance to practise using language in ways that are controlled or deliberately simplified.

Example: Drills (when teacher says repeat this), Grammar practice activities or games such as Simon says.

Activities

Material

Teaching point

Topic or context

Aims

Flowchart

Dream through the lesson

Focus on the critical moments

Half-plan

Where's the meat?

Plan the critical teaching moments.

Lesson images

The jungle path

A brief "running order"

First, you have to choose what to teach.

Then, you have to use a syllabus that provides a long-term overview.

Use the Common European Framework.

Use timetables and work plans.

For example: A skeleton work plan, a detailed work plan, a task-based plan and a topic-based plan.

Formal plans contain 3 different sections.

Background information about the class, the teacher and the materials.

Language analysis of items that will be worked on in class.

A detailed chronological stage-by-sttage description of the procedure for the lesson.