Flashcards
Unit 1.5 Network Topologies
Cards in this deck (17)
- 1TopologyArrangement of various elements of a communication network. The topological structure of a network and can be identified physically or logically.
- 2Mesh NetworkWhere all or some of the workstations are connected to each other. Most are connected to a node where they exchange most data with.
- 3Star NetworkEach device is connected by an individual cable directly to the server. They are usually the layout of choice of schools because they're the most reliable topology. Puts pressure on the central device so if the central device fails, the whole network fails.
- 4WiFiWireless Frequency- radio waves are used to transmit data packets without the need for wires. Slower and more vulnerable to attack but removes the need for cabling and networks.
- 5WiFi benefitsCheap set up cost, can connect multiple devices without extra cost, user not tied down to a specific location, less disruption to the building since no wires are installed
- 6EncryptionA way of scrambling data with a key code which makes no sense. On an open network anyone can have access to data packets, therefore encryption is used because the data will make no sense. In order to read the user needs the key. HTTPS
- 7SSL (Secure Socket Layer)A method to encrypt on safe sites such as bank websites or sites that contain personal information. Sites such as Twitter use this when you log in and your website url has HTTPS next to it to encrypt it.
- 8EthernetA wired network that uses cables and wiring to connect computers together and to the server.
- 9Ethernet benefitsStable connection, reduced possibility to hacking, more secure, faster traffic speed, generally good quality signal
- 10IP AddressingA unique string of numbers separated by full stops that identifies each computer.
Static IP addresses don't change but dynamic IP addresses can change everyday. - 11IP ClassesIdentify the class of network that the user is on which can be the number of users and the purpose of the network.
- 12MAC Addressing (Media Access Control Address)Uniquely identifies a device on a network by identifying the network adapter that the device is using. It is embedded onto the device and the user cannot change it and it is built into the Network Interface Card. Made up of 48 bits and usually in hexadecimal.
- 13Key ProtocolsTCP/IP- Transmission Control Protol/Internet Protocol
HTTP- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
HTTPS- HTTP Secure
FTP- File Transfer Protocol
POP- Post Office Protocol
IMAP- Internet Message Access Protocol
SMTP- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol - 14LayersAs a packet is prepared the data travels through layers where the protocols manage it, adding or removing extra information if needed. Network communication components are standardised so different hardware or software can communicate.
- 15Packet SwitchingPackets are taken apart then reassembled when they arrive at the receiver. There is a header on each packet which contains the IP address of the sender and the receiver and the packet number as well as the total number of packets. Check if a packet is missing and if its missing its resent.
- 16Network AdvantagesCommunication – it is easy (and often free) to communicate using email, text messages, voice calls and video calls.
Roaming – if information is stored on a network, it means users are not fixed to one place. They can use computers anywhere in the world to access their information.
Sharing information – it is easy to share files and information over a network. Music and video files, for instance, can be stored on one device and shared across many computers, so every computer does not need to fill the hard drive with files.
Sharing resources – it is easy to share resources such as printers. Twenty computers in a room could share one printer over a network.
Sharing software – it is possible to stream software using web applications. This avoids needing to download and store the whole software file. - 17Network DisadvantagesDependence – users relying on a network might be stuck without access to it.
Hacking - criminal hackers attempt to break into networks in order to steal personal information and banking details. This wouldn't be possible on a stand-alone computer without physically getting into the room, but with a network it is easier to gain access.
Hardware – routers, network cards and other network hardware is required to set up a network. At home, it is quite easy to set up a wireless network without much technical expertise. However, a complicated network in a school or an office would require professional expertise.
Viruses - networks make it easier to share viruses and other malware. They can quickly spread and damage files on many computers via a network.
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- Flashcards on Unit 1.5 Network Topologies , created by Karolina Rawdanowicz on 12/02/2018.
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- Karolina Rawdanowicz
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