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Cards in this deck (7)
- 1CPUCentral Processing unit
The brain of the computer that processes program instructions. - 2CUControl Unit
The component of the CPU that manages instructions. - 3ALUArithmetic Logic Unit
It performs arithmetic and logical operations (decisions). The ALU is where calculations are done and where decisions are made.
It acts as a gateway between primary memory and secondary storage . Data transferred between them passes through the ALU. - 4RegistersRegisters are small amounts of high-speed memory contained within the CPU.
E
program counter
memory address register (MAR)
memory data register (MDR)
current instruction register (CIR)
accumulator (ACC - 5CacheCache is a small amount of high-speed random access memory (RAM) built directly within the processor. It is used to temporarily hold data and instructions that the processor is likely to reuse. This allows for faster processing as the processor does not have to wait for the data and instructions to be fetched from the RAM.
- 6BusesA bus is a high-speed internal connection. Buses are used to send control signals and data between the processor and other components.
Examples:
Address bus - carries memory addresses from the processor to other components such as primary memory and input/output devices.
Data bus - carries the actual data between the processor and other components.
Control bus - carries control signals from the processor to other components. The control bus also carries the clock's pulses. - 7ClockThe CPU contains a clock which is used to coordinate all of the computer's components. The clock sends out a regular electrical pulse which synchronises (keeps in time) all the components.
The frequency of the pulses is known as the clock speed. Clock speed is measured in hertz. The higher the frequency, the more instructions can be performed in any given moment of time.
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- Flashcards on Untitled, created by Samiha Haque on 07/11/2019.
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- Samiha Haque
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