Flashcards
space
Cards in this deck (23)
- 1during the lifecycle of stars, they are initially formed from a _____ of _____ and ___, called a ______. the force of _______ pulls the dust and gas together to form a _________.cloud of dust and gas, gravity, nebula
- 2the force of _______ pulls the dust and gas together to form a _________. the _________ rise and the star gets ______ and more particles collide with each other. when the temperature gets hot enough, hydrogen ______ undergo _______ ______ to form helium nuclei. this gives out huge amounts of ______, which keeps the core of the star ___.gravity, protostar, temperature, denser, nuclei, nuclear fusion, energy
- 3the star enters a ____ ______ period, where the outward ________ caused by the nuclear fusion balances the force of _______ pulling everything ______. in this period it is called a ____ _______ ____, and can last several billion yearslong stable, pressure, gravity, inwards, main sequence star
- 4eventually, the ________ starts to run out, the star ______ into a ___ _____ or a ___ _____ ______. it becomes red because the surface _____. fusion of ______ and other elements occurs. _______ elements are created in the ____ of the starhydrogen, swells, red giant, red super giant, cools, helium, heavier, core
- 5a _____ to ______ sized star like the ___ becomes unstable and ejects its _____ _____ of ____ and ___. this leaves behind a ___ dense solid core, a _____ _____small, medium, sun, outer layer, dust and gas. hot, white dwarf
- 6as a _____ _____ cools down, it emits less and less ______. when it no longer emits a significant amount it is called a _____ _____white dwarf, energy, black dwarf
- 7__ stars start to glow brightly again as they undergo more __ and ___ _ ___ several times, forming elements as heavy as __ in various nuclear reactions. eventually they'll explode in a __, forming elements __ than iron and ejecting them into the universe to form new __ _ __. stars and their life cycles produce and distribute all __ __ __big, fusion, expand and contract, iron, supernova, heavier, planets and stars, naturally occurring elements
- 8the exploding supernova throws the outer layers of ____ ___ ___ into space, leaving a very dense core called a ____ ____. if the star is massive enough, it will become a _____ ____ - a super dense point in space that not even light can escape from.dust and gas, neutron star, black hole
- 9describe the life cycle of a stargravity pulls a nebula together to form protostar, temperature rises, nuclear fusion occurs, now star. there is stable period of main sequence star until hydrogen runs out and becomes a red giant/super red giant. depending on size, it will become a white dwarf then black dwarf, or supernova becomes a neutron star/black hole
- 10name components of our solar system (things that orbit our sun)planets, dwarf planets, moons, artificial satellites
- 11what are planets, and how many in our solar systemlarge objects that orbit a star, 8
- 12what are dwarf plantesplanet like objects that orbit stars but don't meet all the requirements for being a planet
- 13what are moonsobjects that orbit planets, natural satellites
- 14what are artificial satellites?satellites that humans have built, that generally orbit the earth
- 15what galaxy is our solar system inmilky way
- 16describe the motion of planets in our solar systemalmost circular motion, constantly changing direction and velocity and constantly accelerating, with the force acting on it toward the centre of the circle. the instantaneous velocity keeps the object travelling in a circle and not going inwards, this force is gravity, between the sun and the planet or planet and satellites
- 17what does the size of an orbit depend on?the increased distance to the star / planet increases the gravitational force. stronger the force, the faster the orbiting object needs to travel to remain in orbit.
- 18how does an object in orbit maintain a stable orbitif the speed of the object changes, the radius of its orbit must do so too, faster moving objects will move in a stable orbit with a smaller radius than slower moving ones. the further away, the slower
- 19what is the theory for the expansion of the universethe universe is expanding, and all the galaxies are moving away from each other
- 20name evidence for the expansion of the universethe wavelengths are longer in more distant galaxies than they should be, they are shifted to the red end of the spectrum. suggests the source of light is moving away from us very quickly.more distant galaxies have greater red-shifts than nearer ones, so the more distant galaxies are moving away faster than nearer ones.
- 21give evidence for the big bangsince all the galaxies are moving away from each other, something must have started it, this is the big bang
- 22what is the big banginitially all the matter in the universe occupied a very small, dense, hot space. it then exploded, space started expanding, and the expansion is still going on.
- 23current scientists thunk the universe is made up of ____ ______ and ____ ______. ____ ______ is the name given to an unknown substance which holds galaxies together, but doesn't emit electromagnetic radiation. ____ ______ is thought to be responsible for the accelerated expansion of the universe.dark matter, dark energy, dark matter, dark energy
Information
- Description
- GCSE Physics (paper 2) Flashcards on space, created by lizabeth rawson on 02/03/2020.
- Created by
- lizabeth rawson
- Views
- 0
- Rating