Flashcards
FRHD 3150 MIDTERM 2
Cards in this deck (31)
- 1unconditioned reinforcersstimuli or events that are important for our biological functioning or survival as a species
- 2conditioned reinforcersStimuli that becomes reinforcers because of particular learning experiences
- 3Backup reinforcersa positive reinforcer that is presented in exchange for another stimulus to cause the other stimulus to become a conditioned reinforcer
- 4Tokenconditioned reinforcers that can be accumulated and exchanged for backup reinforcers
- 5Token system or token economya behavior modification program in which individuals can earn tokens for specific behaviors and can cash in their tokens for backup reinforcers
- 6Simple conditioned reinforcera conditioned reinforcer paired with a single backup reinforcer
- 7Generalized conditioned reinforcera conditioned reinforcer based on more than one motivating operation or backup reinforcer
- 8Operant extinctionif an individual, in a given situation, emits a previously reinforced behaviour, and that behavior is not followed by a reinforcer, then the person is less likely to do that same thing again when next encountering a similar situation.
- 9Antecedent stimulithe stimulus that exist just prior to the occurrence of the behavior
- 10Stimulus controlthe degree of correlation between the occurrence of z particular antecedent stimulus and the occurrence of subsequent response
- 11Discriminant stimulus Sda stimulus in the presence of which an operant response will be reinforcer. It's a cue that a particular response will pay off
- 12Extinction stimulus Sdeltaa stimulus in the presence of which an operant response will not be reinforcer. It's a cue that a particular response will not pay off.
- 13Operant stimulus discrimination trainingthe procedure of reinforcing a response in the presence of an Sd an extinguishing that response in the presence in an Sdelta
- 14Operant stimulus generalizationthe procedure for reinforcing a response in the presence of a stimulus or situation and the effect of the response becoming more probable not only in the presence of that stimulus or situation, but also in the presence of another stimulus or situation.
- 15Common-element stimulus classa set of stimuli all which have one or more physical characteristics in common
- 16Stimulus equivalence classa set of completely dissimilar stimulus (I.e. Have no common stimulus element) which an individual has learned to group or match together or respond in the same way
- 17Differential reinforcement schedules or proceduresschedules that reinforce specific rates of responding. May be used to reinforce high or low response rates. Rarely used to produce high response rate since this can be done more efficiently with a ratio schedule.
- 18Differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL)a schedule of reinforcement in which a reinforcer is presented only if a particular response occurs at a low rate. Two types are limited-responding DRL and spaced-responding DRL
- 19Limited-responding DRLspecifies an allowable number of responses during a certain time interval in order for a reinforcer to occur.
- 20Spaced-responding DRLrequires that a specific behavior not occur during a specified interval and after that interval has passed, an instance of that behavior must then occur in order for the reinforcer to occur
- 21Differential reinforcement of zero responding (DRO)a schedule in which a reinforcer is presented only if a specified response does not occur during a specified period of time.
- 22Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI)decreasing a target response by withholding reinforcers for it, and by reinforcing an incompatible response.
- 23Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA)a procedure that involves extinction of s problem behavior combined with reinforcing a behavior that is topographically dissimilar but not necessary incompatible with the problem behavior.
- 24Punisheran immediate consequence of an operant behavior that causes that behavior to decrease in frequency
- 25Physical punishersactivate pain receptors (nerve endings located throughout our body that detect pressure, stretching and temperature change that could potentially cause damage and therefore are experienced as pain)
- 26Reprimanda step g negative verbal stimulus immediately contingent on behavior
- 27Exclusionary time-outremoving am individual briefly from a reinforcing situation immediately following a behavior
- 28Non-exclusionary time-outthe person is allowed to remain within the reinforcing environment but it is not permitted to engage in any reinforcing activities for a pre-specified period of time
- 29Response costthe removal of a specified amount of a reinforcer immediately following a behavior
- 30Stimulus generalizationthe procedure for reinforcing a response in the presence of a situation and the effect of that response becomes more and more probably in the presence of another situation.
- 31Operant response generalizationthe procedure for reinforcing a response in the presence of a stimulus or situation and the effect of another response becoming more probable in the presence of that or similar stimuli or situations
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- Flashcards on FRHD 3150 MIDTERM 2, created by nardine grace on 05/03/2020.
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