Flashcards
components flash cards
Cards in this deck (46)
- 1CPUCPU stands for “central processing unit”.
The CPU is often considered the brain of the computer because it controls and makes the decisions for the computer.
It stores data, results , the programming of the computer and the way the components of the computer function - 2Fetch Decode Execute Cyclethe computer gets the instructions , decodes it so it can understand what to do and then it carries out the instruction
- 3Control Unitthe control unit decodes the instructions and controls the amount of data going through all the systems
- 4ALUstands for arithmetic logic unit and does
the simple adding subtracting multiplication and division - 5What are registers forRegisters are small amounts of high-speed memory contained within the CPU
- 6Clockclock speed measures the amount of instructions a computer can complete in one second. it is measured in hertz.
- 7What is the cache for?the cache is a temporary storage unit that has the most used and relevant information to the user that gets refreshed when the information is no longer relevant
- 8program counterthe program stores the instructions address that the CPU is processing.
- 9MDRMDR stands for memory data register and it holds data that is being transferred to or from memory.
- 10MARthe mar stands for memory address register and it stores the memory address from which data is fetched by the CPU
- 11Accumulatorthe accumulator is where the intermediate arithmetic and logic results are stored.
- 12Von Neumann ArchitectureVon Neumann Architecture is the design upon which many computers are based and
- 13RAMthe ram is a temporary storage unit that stands for random access memory. it refreshes each time the computer is turned off.
- 14ROMROM stands for read only memory and it keeps its memory even when the computer is turned off
- 15virtual memoryvirtual memory is a section of memory that is inside the hard-drive and it is where memory is stored when the ram gets full.
- 16secondary storagesecondary storage is a type of non volatile storage that is used to save files and programs
- 17main memorymain memory is data that is stored whilst the computer is on , it is a type of volatile memory
- 18volatile memoryvolatile memory is data that needs power to be stored and once the power is turned off the memory is lost
- 19non-volatile memorynon-volatile memory is memory that does not need power to be stored on the computer, and the memory is not wiped when the computer is turned off
- 20examples of optical storage devicesoptical storage devices include DVD, CD and Blu-ray
- 21examples of magnetic storage devicesmagnetic storage devices include; hard disk and magnetic tape
- 22examples of solid state storage devicesexamples of solid state storage devices are USB, memory card, phone storage
- 23characteristics used to compare secondary storage devicescapacity
speed
portability
reliability
durability
cost - 24secondary storagesecondary storage is a type of non-volatile storage and all the data would be lost on the computer without secondary storage
- 25types of secondary storagemagnetic- magnetic tape
optical-CD, DVD
SSD- flash drive - 26computational thinkingcomputational thinking is when someone thinks logically like a computer
- 27abstractionabstraction is getting rid of unneeded information
- 28decompositiondecomposition is when you break down something complex into sections to work through to make it easier
- 29algorithmic thinkingalgorithmic thinking is step by step instructions used to complete a task
- 30wide area networka network that covers a large geographical area of at least a mile
- 31local area networka network that covers a single building or small site
- 32peer to peer networkall computers have equal status
- 33topologydescribes the way that parts are related or arranged
- 34star topologyall the devices connect to a central device usually a router or a switch
- 35mesh topologydevices are connected to lots of other devices with no central switch
- 36partial mesh topologymost devices are connected to several other devices
- 37client serverthe network relies on a central server
- 38what is a network?a network is a collection of devices all joined together, this may include printers, computers
- 39routera router is a device that communicates between the internet and the devices in your home. it receives a packet of data from the internet and works out where it needs to send it to, then it works out the shortest root of doing that.
- 40switcha switch connects other devices together
- 41huba hub is a hardware device for connecting multiple Ethernet devices together and making them act as a single network segment
- 42ethernet cableEthernet cables are used to provide an internet connection, connect devices to a local network. The most common use for an Ethernet cable is connecting a Wi-Fi router to the internet
- 43WAPWAP stands for wireless access point and is a networking device that allows wireless-capable devices to connect to a wired network.
- 44MAC addressA media access control address (MAC) address is given to a network adapter when it is manufactured. It is hardwired or hard-coded onto your computer's network interface card.
- 45IP addressIP address stands for internet protocol address, it is an identifying number that is associated with a specific computer or computer network. When connected to the internet, the IP address allows the computers to send and receive information.
- 46NICa computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network.
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- Flashcards on components flash cards, created by Katie Reynolds on 30/09/2020.
- Created by
- Katie Reynolds · Sep 2020
- Updated
- Feb 12, 2021
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