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Flashcards

ANS

Emily Kain English 72 cards

Cards in this deck (72)

  1. 1Works on processes that are perceived or consciously controlledSomatic nervous system
  2. 2Motor system regulating processes below the conscious level to maintain homeostasisAutonomic Nervous System
  3. 3SNS innervates:Skeletal muscle fibers
  4. 4ANS innervates:smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands
  5. 5One motor neuron axon extending from the spinal cord to skeletal muscle fibersSNS
  6. 6Has a 2 neuron chainANS
  7. 7In the SNS, the motor neuron is __________ and _____________.Large and myelinated
  8. 8The preganglionic neuron is always __________ and ____________.Thin and myelinated
  9. 9The postganglionic axon is always _______________ and _____________.Thinner and unmyelinated
  10. 10Preganglionic neurons always release:ACh
  11. 11Postganglionic neurons can either inhibit or excite the effector with:ACh or NE
  12. 12Axons from numerous preganglionic cells synapse on a single ganglionic cellNeuronal convergence
  13. 13Axons from one preganglionic cell synapse on numerous ganglionic cellsneuronal divergence
  14. 14Conserve energy and replenish nutrient storesParasympathetic division
  15. 15Prepares body for emergencies; increases alertness and makes nutrients available for useSympathetic division
  16. 16Where is the cell body of the preganglionic neuron located?Brain or spinal cord
  17. 17Where is the cell body of the ganglionic neuron located?Autonomic ganglion in PNS
  18. 18Where are parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies located?Brainstem or lateral gray matter of S2-S4
    (Craniosacral)
  19. 19Where are the sympathetic preganglionic neuron cell bodies located?Lateral horns of T1-S2
    (Thoracolumbar)
  20. 20Parasympathetic preganglionic axons are ________ while postganglionic axons are _________.Long; Short
  21. 21Sympathetic preganglionic axons are ________ while postganglionic axons are ________.Short; Long
  22. 22How many branches do parasympathetic preganglionic axons have?Few
  23. 23How many branches to sympathetic preganglionic axons have?Many
  24. 24Parasympathetic ganglia are either:Terminal ganglia or intramural ganglia
  25. 25Sympathetic trunk ganglia are either:Sympathetic trunk ganglia or prevertebral
  26. 26Close to effectorTerminal ganglia
  27. 27Within effectorIntramural ganglia
  28. 28Which 4 cranial nerves are associated with the Parasympathetic division?CN III (oculomotor)
    CN VII (facial)
    CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
    CN X (vagus)
  29. 29Is the sympathetic or parasympathetic division simpler?Parasympathetic
  30. 30Where are preganglionic cell bodies of CN III housed?Midbrain
  31. 31Ganglionic cell bodies of CN III are located in:Ciliary ganglion
  32. 32Where are cell bodies of CN VII located?Pons
  33. 33What are the 2 branches of preganglionic axons of CN VII that exit the pons?Greater petrosal nerve
    Chorda tympani nerve
  34. 34Innervates lacrimal glands and small glands of nose, mouth, and palateGreater petrosal nerve
  35. 35Innervates submandibular and sublingual salivary glandsChorda tympani Nerve
  36. 36Where are cell bodies of CN IX located?brainstem
  37. 37Where do preganglionic axons of CN IX synapse?Otic ganglion
  38. 38What is the effect of CN IX?Increase secretion from parotid salivary glands
  39. 39What effects do the CN X branches to thoracic organs have?increases mucous production, decreases airway diameter, decreases heart rate and force of contraction
  40. 40What effects do the CN X branches to abdominal organs have?increases smooth muscle motility and secretory activity in digestive tract
  41. 41Where are the preganglionic cell bodies of the pelvic splanchnic nerves housed?Lateral gray matter of S2-S4 of spinal cord
  42. 42Which plexus do the pelvic splanchnic nerves contribute to?Hypogastric plexus
  43. 43Preganglionic fibers project to ganglionic neurons within terminal or intramural ganglia of large intestine, rectum, reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and distal ureterPelvic splanchnic nerves
  44. 44Where is the sympathetic trunk located?Anterior to spinal nerves and lateral to vertebral column
  45. 45What does the superior cervical ganglion extend to?Structures of the head and neck
  46. 46What do the middle and inferior cervical ganglia extend to?Thoracic viscera
  47. 47What are white rami communicantes?Myelinated preganglionic sympathetic axons associated with T1-L2 spinal nerves
  48. 48What are gray rami communicantes?Unmyelinated postganglionic sympathetic axons that connect to all spinal nerves
  49. 49What are the 4 possible pathways of axons to exit the sympathetic trunk?Spinal nerve pathway
    Postganglionic sympathetic nerve pathway
    Splanchnic Nerve Pathway
    Adrenal Medulla pathway
  50. 50What does the spinal nerve pathway innervate?Skin of neck, torso, and limbs
  51. 51Preganglionic axon terminates in sympathetic trunk --> Ganglionic neuron exits via gray matter at the same level and extends within spinal nerve to target organSpinal Nerve Pathway
  52. 52What does the postganglionic sympathetic nerve pathway innervate?Internal organs of the thoracic cavity, skin of head and neck, superior tarsal and dilator muscles of eye
  53. 53Preganglionic axon terminates in sympathetic trunk ---> ganglionic neuron extends directly to target organPostganglionic sympathetic nerve pathway
  54. 54What does the Splanchnic Nerve Pathway innervate?Abdominal and pelvic organs
  55. 55Preganglionic axon passes through sympathetic trunk and terminates in prevertebral ganglion -----> ganglionic neuron extends to target organSplanchnic nerve pathway
  56. 56What does the adrenal medulla pathway innervate?The adrenal gland to release epinephrine or norepinephrine into blood
  57. 57Preganglionic axons innervate internal region of adrenal glandAdrenal medulla pathway
  58. 58What are the components of the autonomic plexus?Sympathetic ganglionic axons and parasympathetic preganglionic axons and some visceral sensory axons that do not synapse on each other
  59. 59Sympathetic ganglionic axons of cervical and thoracic sympathetic trunk ganglia increase heart rate and blood pressure; Parasympathetic preganglionic axons from vagus nerve decreases heart rateCardiac Plexus
  60. 60Sympathetic innervation causes bronchodilation; parasympathetic innervation causes brochoconstriction and increases mucous gland secretion of bronchial treePulmonary plexus
  61. 61Parasympathetic preganglionic axon of vagus nerve controls swallowing reflexEsophageal plexus
  62. 62Sympathetic postganglionic acons from prevertebral ganglia and parasympathetic preganglionic axons from vagus nerve enter the abdominopelvic cavity with the esophagusAbdominal aortic plexus
  63. 63Sympathetic and parasympathetic axons innervate the viscera within the pelvic regionHypogastric plexus
  64. 64ACh releasing cellsCholinergic neurons
  65. 65Target cell that binds to AChCholinergic receptors
  66. 66ACh released from preganglionic axons and all sympathetic axons is ___________ only.Excitatory
  67. 67NE releasing neuronsAdrenergic neuron
  68. 68Target cell that binds to NEAdrenergic receptor
  69. 69What do most Postganglionic sympathetic axons release?NE
  70. 70Which organ is the reflex center for defecation and urination?Spinal cord
  71. 71Which organ is the reflex center of ANS functions including emotions?Hypothalamus
  72. 72Which organ has major ANS reflex centers such as cardiovascular and digestive functions?Brainstem

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Flashcards on ANS, created by Emily Kain on 26/10/2020.
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Emily Kain
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