Flashcards
Cell Organelles
Cards in this deck (23)
- 1Nucleolus- Is within the nucleus
- Produces ribosomes that move into the endoplasmic reticulum and are critical for protein synthesis
ANIMALS and PLANTS - 2Nucleus- Enclosed in a double membrane
- Contains DNA
- Communicates with surrounding cytosol through many nuclear pores
ANIMALS and PLANTS - 3Cytosol- Material that all the organelles are in
- Most of cellular metabolism happens here
- Full of proteins that control cell metabolism
ANIMALS and PLANTS and BACTERIA - 4Cytoplasm- Refers to the cytosol and the organelles within it
ANIMALS and PLANTS and BACTERIA - 5Centriole- Composed of 9 groups of fused microtubules
- Each group has 3 microtubules
ANIMALS and PLANTS
- Are a part of the cytoskeleton
- The 2 centrioles are perpendicular when they are next to each other - 6Golgi Apparatus- Used to package macromolecules for transport
- Made of stack of membrane bound vesicles
ANIMALS and PLANTS - 7Lysosome- Contains hydrolytic enzymes used for intracellular digestion
- Released into the vacuole to kill and digest any bacteria
PLANTS and ANIMALS - 8Peroxisome- Protects the cell from its own production of hydrogen peroxide
PLANTS and ANIMALS
- Contains oxidative enzymes that break the hydrogen peroxide into hydrogen and water - 9Secretory Vesicle- Used for packaging the cell's secretory materials in the Golgi Apparatus
PLANTS and ANIMALS
- Vesicles are then transported to the cell surface for release - 10Cell Membrane- Made of a phospholipid bilayer
- Separates the inside of the cell from the outside
- Is selective about what materials can go in and out
- Proteins in the membrane used for transport, enzymatic activity and signal transduction
PLANTS and ANIMALS and BACTERIA - 11Mitochondria- Has a double plasma membrane (inner membrane has folds: cristae)
- ATP is produced by the combining of oxygen and sugar on the cristae
- Provides the energy a cell needs to move, divide, and secrete
PLANTS and ANIMALS - 12Vacuole- Membrane bound sac that is important for intracellular digestion
- Gives cell shape and rigidity
- In plant cells: stores water, nutrients, and waste products, regulates turgor pressure
PLANTS and ANIMALS - 13Cell Wall- Maintains shape of cell
- Serves as a protective barrier
- Regulates Turgor pressure
PLANTS and BACTERIA - 14Chloroplast- Contains chlorophyll, which helps plant cells to absorb sunlight and photosynthesize
- Has a double membrane
PLANTS - 15Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum- Where lipids are synthesized
- Complex network of microtubules and vesicles
- Made of a phospholipid bilayer
- Stores Ca ions to help with energy release in muscle cells
- Breaks down toxins and drugs from the body
PLANTS and ANIMALS - 16Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum- Contains ribosomes on its surface that produce proteins
- Made of a phospholipid bilayer
- Synthesized proteins then gather here for transport
PLANTS and ANIMALS - 17Ribosomes- Comprised of a small subunit and a large subunit
- The site of protein synthesis
PLANTS and ANIMALS and BACTERIA - 18Cytoskeleton- Made of many protein filaments (actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate fibers)
- Helps keep cell's shape
- Controls the positions of organelles within cytoplasm
PLANTS and ANIMALS - 19Flagella- Helps cell to move around
- Made of microtubules
BACTERIA - 20Capsule- Sticky, protective coating that helps the cell attach to other cells
BACTERIA - 21Pili/Cilia- Helps cell to move around
BACTERIA - 22Nucleoid Region- Contains genetic material and DNA for building proteins
BACTERIA - 23Centrosome- The area where microtubules are produced
- Usually close to the nucleus
- Part of the cytoskeleton
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- Honors Biology Flashcards on Cell Organelles, created by 17asanjay on 13/11/2013.
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- 17asanjay
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