Flashcards
4.1-4.3 Quiz
Cards in this deck (29)
- 1Biaswhen a statistical study over or underestimates the value you want to know
- 2Convenience Sampleselect individuals from population that are easy to reach
- 3Nonresponsewhen an individual who is chosen for a sample and can't be reached or refuses to participate; ALREADY IN SAMPLE
- 4Populationthe entire group you want to gather information from
- 5Response Biaswhen there is a systematic pattern of inaccurate answers
- 6Samplea subset of the population
- 7Undercoverageoccurs when some members of a population are less likely or cannot be in the sample; LEFT OUT OF SAMPLE
- 8Voluntary Response Samplea sample that allows people to choose to be in the sample by responding to an invite
- 9Example of BiasKids in library tend to be more studious so this sample might overestimate study hours for typical student
- 10Example of Convenience SampleSurveyor asks 1st 30 kids in the library how much time they spend on hw
- 11Example of NonresponseSomeone is chosen to be part of the survey, but they don't answer the phone
- 12Example of PopulationAll 9th graders at SPHS
- 13Example of Response BiasA patient might lie at the doctor's office about smoking, drinking, exercising, etc...
- 14Example of SampleRandomly choose 25 students from 9th grade
- 15Example of UndercoverageSurvey of all households would leave out the homeless
- 16Example of Voluntary Response SampleEmail invitation -> only people who feel strongly will respond -> possible bias
- 17What does the direction of bias mean?over/underestimate
- 18What are the 2 types of samples?convenience and voluntary response
- 19What are the 3 types of bias?undercoverage, nonresponse, and response bias
- 20A simple random sample (SRS) is a sample of size n, such that...1. each individual has an = probability of being selected for sample
2. each sample of size n has = probability of being the sample collected - 21What are the 3 ways you can obtain a SRS?1. Hat Method
2. Technology
3. Random Integer Table - 22Describe the Hat Method for SRS in 4 steps.1. write names on = sized pieces of paper
2. put slips in a hat and shake to randomize
3. Draw out the desired # of slipes of paper
4. use the individuals on these slips of paper for your sample - 23Describe the Technology method for SRS in 3 steps.1. # the individuals from 1 to N
2. Generate n unique #s from 1 to N using random # generator
3. Select the individuals that correspond to the selected #s for your sample - 24Describe how to use a Random Integer Table for SRS in 4 steps.1. # population using multiple digits according to the larges label needed
2. Beginning on the 1st line of the table, read the right # of digits at a time while skipping repeats, #s greater than N, and any 0 value
3. Continue reading (insert) #s at a time until (insert) unique #s have been selected
4. Use the data that corresponds to the selected #s as your sample - 25Why is SRS sometimes not adequate?b/c of sampling variability -> different samples can have values of drastically different sizes
- 26Describe Stratified Sampling.The population is 1st divided into strata, so that each stratum contains individuals with some characteristic in common. Then, an SRS is chosen from each stratum and these are combined to form the sample.
- 27Is Stratified Sampling representative of a population?Yes, because you are guaranteed to have data forfromm each stratum that combine and form a sample that's representative
- 28Describe Cluster Sampling.The population is 1st divided into smaller groups, in which each cluster mirrors the characteristics of the population. Then, an SRS of cluster(s) is selected. For the selected clusters, ALL individuals are included in the sample.
- 29Is Cluster Sampling representative of a population?Yes, because if the clusters all include the different groups they are representative.
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- 12th grade AP Stats (Chapter 4 Test) Flashcards on 4.1-4.3 Quiz, created by Riley Ashford on 19/08/2022.
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- Riley Ashford
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