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Quiz 1: GI - all EC slides (Lasku)

Dez Neb SCNM / Sonoran UHS - GNMD 6044-IV (Spring 2023) ND Grad Program English 26 cards

Cards in this deck (26)

1—* [Barrett's Esophagus] *
The two endoscopic views demonstrate Barrett Esophagus areas of mucosal erythema of the lower esophagus, with islands of normal pale esophageal squamous mucosa.
2—* [Barrett's Esophagus] *
Gastric-type mucosa above the gastroesophageal junction. Note the columnar epithelium (left) and squamous epithelium (right). This is "typical" as there is intestinal metaplasia as well. Left: see goblet cells in the columnar mucosa.
3—* [Esophageal Varices] *
Pict. in lower esophagus (turned inside out). Varices are linear dark blue submucosal dilated veins prone to bleeding. In portal HTN pts (typ. micronodular cirrhosis from chronic alcoholism), the varices become dilated.
4—Eosinophilic Esophagitis
5—Eosinophilic Esophagitis
6—* [Esophageal Sq. Cell Carcinoma] *
An irregular reddish, ulcerated exophytic mid-esophageal mass on the mucosal surface. Endoscopy shows the tumor is causing lumenal stenosis. Risk factors for esophag. SC carcinoma incl smoking & alcoholism (U.S.); or diet (global).
7—* [Esophageal Sq. Cell Carcinoma] *
Upper left: the mid-esophageal squamous esophageal mucosa has been infiltrated & separated by SCC. Right: Solid nests of neoplastic cells are infiltrating down thru the submucosa. Surgical removal is difficult as Esophageal cancers often metastasize.
8—* [Acute Gastritis] *
This is a more typical acute gastritis with a diffusely hyperemic gastric mucosa. There are many causes for acute gastritis: alcoholism, drugs, infections, etc.
9—*[Chronic Gastritis -- Pernicious Anemia]*
With Chronic Atrophic Gastritis autoantibodies block or bind Intrinsic Factor (IF). Also shown here are anti-parietal cell auto-antibodies. Bright green immunofluorescence is seen in the gastric mucosa parietal cells.
10—* [Peptic Ulcer - Gastric] *
ALL gastric ulcers are biopsied since gross inspection alone cannot determine whether a lesion is malignant. Note that smaller, more sharply demarcated ulcers are more likely to be benign.
11—* [Peptic Ulcer - Gastric] *
Microscopically, the ulcer here is sharply demarcated, with normal gastric mucosa on the left falling away to the right into a deep ulcer whose base contains inflamed, necrotic debris. An arterial branch at the ulcer base is eroded and bleeding.
12—Gastric Adenocarcinoma
CANCER
Signet Ring Cells
13—* [Pseudomembranous Colitis] *
Pseudomembrane is composed of inflammatory cells, necrotic epithelium, and mucus in which the microorganism overgrowth occurs.
14—* [Celiac Sprue] *
Normal (left); Celiac Sprue (right) showing blunting and flattening of villi.
15—* [Crohn's Disease] *
Bowel has a thickened wall and the mucosa has lost the regular folds.
16—* [Crohn's Disease] *
Fistula formation.
17—* [Ulcerative Colitis] *
Pseudopolyps are the remaining islands
of eroded mucosa.
18—* [Ulcerative Colitis] *
UC is confined to the mucosa which is eroded by an ulcer that undermines the surrounding mucosa.
19—* [Ischemic Bowel Disease] *
Mucosa shows marked hyperemia due to the ischemic enteritis
20—* [Colonic Diverticula] *
Shown along a descending colon piece.
21—* [Internal Hernia] *
Forceps extend through an internal hernia.
22—* [Cecal Volvulus] *
Common in adults, in small intestine and colon equally occurring. In very young children it occurs usually in the small intestine.
23—* [Tubular Adenoma] *
Benign. Is crowded, disorganized, and with less goblet cells compared to the normal colonic mucosa underneath. Polyp also has HYPERchromatic nuclei.
24—* [FAP - Familial Adenomatous Polyposis] *
Presents as a carpet of small adenomatous polyps. Has 100% risk to become an ADENOCARCINOMA.
Tx is a total colectomy done by age 20.
25—* [Colorectal Carcinoma] *
the adenocarcinoma is encircling.
From the rectosigmoid region.
26—* [Acute Appendicitis] *
With yellow to tan exudate and hyperemia, incl the peri-appendiceal fat superiorly, rather than a smooth, glistening pale tan serosal surface.

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Description: Extra Credit Gi part 1 = PPT slides 1-62 GI part 2 = PPT slides 63-184 (end)
Created by: Dez Neb
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Tags: gi gastrointestinal
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Quiz 1: GI - all EC slides (Lasku)

Cards in this deck (26)

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