Flashcards
C&C Study Exam
Cards in this deck (35)
- 1Bronislaw Malinowski FunctionalismIndividuals and society need basic needs in order to survive and have successful life
- 2Marvin Harris Cultural Materialism:human life is a response to the practical problems of earthly existence.
Infrastructure - technological,economic, demographics, temperature
Structure - political system, laws, families
Superstructure - religion, music, art, culture, beliefs - 3JB Watson & BF Skinner Behaviourism/ Learning TheoryHumans are born with instinctive compulsions, classical conditioning,
B.F - Operant conditioning , positive reinforcement, encouraging behaviour, - 4Sigmund Freud Psychoanalytic TheoryMind = 2 parts conscious + unconscious
Childhood experience stored in unconscious
Id, Ego, Superego (Cat in the Hat) - 5Emile Durkheim Structual Functionalism- approach to society after the industrial revolution
-Choice and social ties are motivators for action in society
-People contribute to society by performing a specialized task
Specialization in work will weaken social ties, but strengthen the overall health of society
Society struggles when individuals do not fulfill their tasks or refuse to - 6Marxism Karl MarxArgued that since industrialisation, society has been in a perpetual state of conflict between rich (bourgeoise) and the poor (proletariat)
Economic power and wealth are real power - 7Malcolm Gladwell "The Tipping Point"Suggested that dramatic change is explained by ‘tipping points’
These points when an idea, trend crosses a threshold it spreads like an epidemic - 8G Stanley Hall “Storm and Stress”view to describe the emotional turmoil and behavioral difficulties of adolescence
Happens because of puberty, kids start thinking about their future changes and independence and responsibility by school and family - 9Allison Davis Socialized AnxietyOutlined a number of forces that stress and anxiety in adolescents
Socialized anxiety: the tension and discomfort individuals feel that can motivate or influence their behavior - 10Abraham Maslow Hierachy of Needs5)Self- acutalization - achieving full portential
4) Esteem Needs
Feeling accomplished
3)Belonginess and Love- relationships
2) Security Needs
1) Psychological Needs - food, water, shelter - 11Robbers Cave ExperiementAlienation: distance of people from each other, from what they find meaningful , or from their sense of self
In-group: when brought together to interact for a shared mutual goal, individuals will produce a group structure with social hierarchy
Out-group: if two distinct groups were formed and brought together in a condition of competition, hostile attitudes and actions would result - 12Capitalisman economic system where the means of production is privately owned and profit is earned in competitive conditions
- 13Cultural hegemonythe domination of one ruling class/group/organisation that beliefs and ideologies become the cultural norm in society.
- 14Anomiea normlessness, a lack of feeling or breakdown of social norm
- 15People define themselves in part through the jobs they performMarxism & Theory of Value and Alienation
The bourgeois decide the price of the product, and thus making the product available to some, and not others
Marx says the bourgeoisie control the means of production( price, length of shift, role in production)
This is done by alienating the proletariat from their work - 16Antonio Gramsci Cultural Hegemony/ FORDISM:to describe new set of principles established form the new industrialized workplace (henry ford's automobile industry in Detroit),
Mass production and standardization repeatedly in the same way,
Creation of factory and assembly lines,
Standardization cost was kept down. - 17Max WeberRationalization: all aspects of human behavior and social relationships are subject to bureaucracy, intern trapping the society in an iron cage, make a compromise to convince myself that it’s not that bad
Bureaucracy: impersonality, hierarchy, rules of conduct, specialized division of labour, promotion based on achievement & efficiency, inhumane work with people - 18George Mead I & MePeople react to others behaviors as a mental que for how to act in social settings
We have a true self and a social self - 19Charles Cooley Looking Glass SelfWe observe how those around us view us and we react to this perception with pride/embarrassment and develop a set of beliefs about ourselves as a result
- 20Social Stratificationthe ranking of people in and given society be class and status
- 21Stratified societyIs when there is an unequal distribution of rewards among its members
- 22Achieved statusA social position attained by a person largely through his or her own effort
- 23Ascribed statusa social position assigned to a person without regard for their ability to work ethic
- 24Caste systemSocial hierarchy passed down through families
- 25Melvin TuminPrinciples of Social Stratification
prevented qualified people from attempting to fill roles - 26George Herbert Mead Symbolic Interactionisma micro-level theory that focuses on meanings attached to human interaction, both verbal and non-verbal, and to symbols
- 27Kingsley Davis & Wilbert MooreFunctionalist approach to stratification
- 28Marshall McLuanThe message itself is only part of what is communicated: the medium itself influences how the message is perceived
- 29First Industrial Revolution (1760-19th century)increased wages, steam engine, the creation of factory
- 30Second Industrial Revolution: 1870 - 20th Centurythe assembly line, electricity, gas, oil, the combustion engine, the telephone
- 31Third Industrial Revolution: 1970 - Present-ishdeveloping nuclear energy, advancement in electronics.
- 32Organic Specializationa set of specialized entities working together to create a larger functioning organism
- 33Social Locationinfluence of birth year on an individual’s consciousness (attitudes, values, and views), no matter where you live there will always be a generational connection with people of the same age
- 34Personal fablea personal drama that unfolds before an imaginary audience
- 35Dominant value directionthe views and beliefs that are widely shared among the majority of a society or group which may begin to influence the rest of their peers.
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- Flashcards on C&C Study Exam, created by Claire Holst on 25/01/2024.
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