Flashcards
Perth Study (Test)
Cards in this deck (16)
- 1Site of PerthSlope- Gently undulating, development in the Darling Escarpment
Eg. Kalamunda on land rising to 300 asl
Height- Flat, sand generally well drained land between 0-60 asl
- Some higher dune systems peak at 100m
Eg. East Waneroo
Extent- Limited growth- Escarpment state forest to the east and then the Indian ocean to the west
- Appx. 1600km sq2
- 100km north to south and 25-35km east to west
Landform- Dominated by floodplains of rivers e.g. Swan, Canning
- Perth's site dominated by dune systems running parallel to the coast
Drainage- Stable and well-drained
Minor errors of unstable dune systems and poorly drained wetlands - 2Situation of Perth (Metropolitan)- 31°57’S and 115°51’E
- CBD – 14km west of Darling Ranges – a low escarpment lying parallel to the coast
- 13km inland (E) from the Indian Ocean
-Influences:
• Originally settled 17km east of Fremantle via Swan River Estuary – Fremantle port was the gateway to Perth – landing and exports
• When first settled Guildford was 13km upstream. An inland port and market town servicing agricultural hinterland
- Current transport links – Mitchell and Kwinana freeways – north south growth; Albany highway – East and SE development - 3Factors that have impacted Perth's external MorphologySITUATION- Perth is the focus of transport routes that converge on it from the hinterland
SITE- Swan and Canning rivers –linear extensions to NE and SE, helped form stellate pattern
FUNCTIONAL- Initial development around Perth as administrative centre and Fremantle as the port
Social/Cultural- Low density housing – great value on owning own home on a large block of land
- High value on private car ownership
Historical- Before railways – transport was river centered between Fremantle, Perth and Guildford.
- After- linear development and new suburbs grew around train stations
- After WW2 rapid expansion outwards - 4Reasons for Increase in Population1. Planning and infilling, for example subiaco.
2. For employment
3. Migrants - 5Why is the outer fringe experiencing large population growth- Rural outer fringe is attracting young and growing families because of the new location, cheaper housing estates
- These estates are ideal environments for raising children with the necessary facilities in close proximity
- Invasion and Succession - 6Liveability- Quality of life of a place, including its economy, amenity, environmental sustainable, health and wellbeing, equity, education and learning and leadership.
- 7Challenge for Perth- Trafic CongestionNature & Scope
• Traffic congestion - flow or movement networks are slowed
• Peak times trouble for commuters- delays
Scope
• 1/2 journey = congestion.
Causes
• 125,000 travel 2 CBD & IMZ 4 employment = congestion.
• Streets = narrow & grid like pattern b/c o.g design =/= high car usage.
• Urban sprawl, low density sprawl encourages development for freeways & highways, cars are necessary (highest level of car ownership) limited public transport available.
• Public transport network = limited,
Impacts.
Environmental
•Pollution
Economic
• Congestion = non-productive- wastes money - 8Challenge for Perth- Urban SprawlNature
• Outward spread
• Low density development.
• No restrictions
Scope
• 150kmsq.
• Metropolitan - 2050 = increase 250km (Myalup to lancelin)
Causes
• Availability and variety of houses and land packages.
• Construction companies -> 'amazing deals' b/c land=sand=cheap work costs - attract lower income families.
• Govn push for increment in public transportation utilisation
Implications
• Process of invasion and succession & land use conflict in RUF
• Urban shadow effect: Dilapidated buildings
Planning Strategies and Stakeholders
• Inner city = Increasing attractiveness, increasing density.
• Stakeholders = land developers, construction companies, local residents, local councils.
Zoning and rezoning
• Agglomeration and segregation.
• Protect places of environmental sigfig. E.g. houses and roads built back from dunes. - 9Liveability FactorsStability: crime, terror
Healthcare: availability and quality of private and public health care
Amenities: sports available, entertainment, food and drink
Social and Civic capital: government, provision of public goods
Economic: employment opportunities, standard of living
Education: availability and quality of private and public education
Infrastructure: road networks, public transport, quality housing, quality of energy and water provision - 10SustainabilitySustainability= meeting the needs of current and future generations through simultaneous environmental, social and economic adaptation and improvement.
Sustainable planning- development of policies and practices that reduce the impacts of urban growth on the environment and on society
Urban planning involves a range of stakeholders who contribute to decision making and the planning process Governments, planners, communities, interest groups and individuals attempt to address these challenges - 11Perth's external MorphologyCompact core extending along Swan River
Major extensions to north and south
Overall morphology =semi-stellate to more rectangular in the centre due to urban infill
Separate areas of urban development are found on the Darling escarpment
Recent expansion around Mandurah and Perth’s southern coastal suburbs have resulted in a conurbation - 12Challenge for Perth- EmploymentNature: Perth’s unemployment rate - 6.1% in 2016
Scope: - Unemployment has increased from 3.7% in 2006
- Highest overall employment rate is in Health Care, Social Assistance, Construction, Retail
- Employment opportunities in suburbs are determined by industries and transport networks nearby
Causes: - Lack of public transport connections
- Economic restructuring
- Manufactoring is declining
Impacts: - Urban decline, spiral of lack of investment and employment opportunities, housing quality declines attracting lower socio-economic groups - 13Planning Strategies for employmentActivity Centres
- WAPC plans and policies outline preferred locations of commercial activity , makes sure they have required transport, land zoning, services and technology
= Even distribution jobs, services and amenities within the Perth and PEEL region
Liveable neighbourhoods
- Strategy that was first released as a planning document Network City, updated in 2015
- Promotes walkable, accessible mixed use communities, supported by an efficient transport network
- Eg. Ellenbrook, seen huge pop growth
OBD
- Joondalup, Midland, Armadale
- Decentralised job opportunities from the CBD
- Provide employment in suburbs on the outer locations
- Greater level of accessibility, reduced congestion and room for expansion of businesses in the future
Sustainability: Economic
- More people have access to more employment more easily= money to spend on a wide range of goods, services - 14Provision of housingNature: 2.6m by 2030- additional dwellings
Scope: -80% homes in Perth detached dwellings, 11% are semi-detached, 9% units
-Central locations, employment, schools, services and are very expensive - 15Perths Population-Ageing
- median age increasing over time - currently median age is 36 years
is approx.
-2 million people
- cosmopolitan
- Experienced rapid growth in recent years of approx. 2.5 % having the fastest growth rate among Australian capital cities.
-Average number of children per family is 1.9. - 16Demography- study of total size, growth, age, sex ratio, marriage/divorce, household composition, population trends
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- WACE Geography Flashcards on Perth Study (Test), created by liam moulds on 16/08/2017.
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