Flashcards
Single-Subject designs
Cards in this deck (19)
- 1what are the two assumptions of behaviour analysis?1 - behaviour is determined (natural lawful phenomenon)
2 - behaviour variability is extrinsic to the organism and can be subjected to study - 2what are the disadvantages with single subject design?we cannot be certain that an observed difference in the behaviour of the individual is caused by the independent variable or by something else that co-occurred with our intervention
- 3what can we do to strengthen the evidence that our intervention was responsible for the change in behaviour?withdraw the intervention, however, it is problematic
- 4what two things do we need to consider in designing ABA experiments?1 - Internal validity (ensure the results can be seen)
2 - external validity (can the results be generalised) - 5establishing a baseline means?monitoring the behaviour of interest without introducing any changes
- 6what are the three elements of baseline logic?1 - Prediction
2 - verification
3 - replication - 7how many data points are required to predict future behaviour with confidence?it is flexible and depends, the rule is that baseline continues until stable.
- 8how do we check verification?re-instating the baseline by removing the intervention making a A-B-A disign. however, it is not always possible or ethical.
- 9A-B-A and A-B-A-B designs are also called...withdrawal and reversal deisgns
- 10why is alternating-treatments design better for comparing effects of 2 or more treatments?it is experimentally sound, quick and ethically appropriate as does not require withdrawal. it minimises sequence effect, the problem of irreversibility and can be used with unstable data
- 11why is a alternating - treatments design experimentally sound?each succeeding data point plotted for a specific treatment plays all three roles required in baseline logic; Prediction, verification and replication.
- 12what are the three main types of multiple-baseline designs used when reversal is not appropriate?1 - multiple-baseline design across behaviours
2 - multiple-baseline across settings or situtations
3 - multiple-baseline across subjects or people - 13what are the advantages of multiple-baseline designs?1 - don't require a withdrawal so appropriate for dangerous behaviour
2 - useful in assessing generalisation of behaviour change
3 - easy to conceptualise - 14what are the disadvantages of multiple-baseline designs?1 - weaker method of showing experimental control than reversal design.
2 - withholding interventions for some behaviours, settings, subjects has practical and ethical concerns. - 15what is the changing-criterion design?involves initial baseline for single behaviour, followed by treatment phases associated with a step-wise change in criterion for the target behaviour
- 16what are the phases of behavioural programme?1 - screening or intake
2 - baseline or pre-programme assessment
3 - treatment monitoring - making sure appropriate changes occur
4 - follow up - 17in direct assessment, what are the characteristics of behaviour to be recorded?1 - topography
2 - amount (frequency/rate)
3 - intensity (force)
4 - stimulus control (assess control and degree)
5 - latency (compliance)
6 - quality (judgement) - 18what are the strategies for recording behaviour in direct assessment?1 - event recording
2 - interval recording
3 - time-sampling - 19what do you need in assessing accuracy for direct assessement?inter-observer reliability
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- 300 Psychology 314 Flashcards on Single-Subject designs, created by Karissa Paterson on 13/08/2018.
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- Karissa Paterson
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